Cellular Uptake of Silica and Gold Nanoparticles Induces Early Activation of Nuclear Receptor NR4A1
The approval of new nanomedicines requires a deeper understanding of the interaction between cells and nanoparticles (NPs). Silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) and gold (Au) NPs have shown great potential in biomedical applications, such as the delivery of therapeutic agents, diagnostics, and biose...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/4/690 |
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| author | Mauro Sousa de Almeida Patricia Taladriz-Blanco Barbara Drasler Sandor Balog Phattadon Yajan Alke Petri-Fink Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser |
| author_facet | Mauro Sousa de Almeida Patricia Taladriz-Blanco Barbara Drasler Sandor Balog Phattadon Yajan Alke Petri-Fink Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser |
| author_sort | Mauro Sousa de Almeida |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The approval of new nanomedicines requires a deeper understanding of the interaction between cells and nanoparticles (NPs). Silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) and gold (Au) NPs have shown great potential in biomedical applications, such as the delivery of therapeutic agents, diagnostics, and biosensors. NP-cell interaction and internalization can trigger several cellular responses, including gene expression regulation. The identification of differentially expressed genes in response to NP uptake contributes to a better understanding of the cellular processes involved, including potential side effects. We investigated gene regulation in human macrophages and lung epithelial cells after acute exposure to spherical 60 nm SiO<sub>2</sub> NPs. SiO<sub>2</sub> NPs uptake did not considerably affect gene expression in epithelial cells, whereas five genes were up-regulated in macrophages. These genes are principally related to inflammation, chemotaxis, and cell adhesion. Nuclear receptor NR4A1, an important modulator of inflammation in macrophages, was found to be up-regulated. The expression of this gene was also increased upon 1 h of macrophage exposure to spherical 50 nm AuNPs and 200 nm spherical SiO<sub>2</sub> NPs. NR4A1 can thus be an important immediate regulator of inflammation provoked by NP uptake in macrophages. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:19:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da66569b048b474c86fac76798ec4d2c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:19:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-da66569b048b474c86fac76798ec4d2c2023-11-23T21:26:33ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912022-02-0112469010.3390/nano12040690Cellular Uptake of Silica and Gold Nanoparticles Induces Early Activation of Nuclear Receptor NR4A1Mauro Sousa de Almeida0Patricia Taladriz-Blanco1Barbara Drasler2Sandor Balog3Phattadon Yajan4Alke Petri-Fink5Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser6Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, SwitzerlandAdolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, SwitzerlandAdolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, SwitzerlandAdolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, SwitzerlandAdolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, SwitzerlandAdolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, SwitzerlandAdolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, SwitzerlandThe approval of new nanomedicines requires a deeper understanding of the interaction between cells and nanoparticles (NPs). Silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) and gold (Au) NPs have shown great potential in biomedical applications, such as the delivery of therapeutic agents, diagnostics, and biosensors. NP-cell interaction and internalization can trigger several cellular responses, including gene expression regulation. The identification of differentially expressed genes in response to NP uptake contributes to a better understanding of the cellular processes involved, including potential side effects. We investigated gene regulation in human macrophages and lung epithelial cells after acute exposure to spherical 60 nm SiO<sub>2</sub> NPs. SiO<sub>2</sub> NPs uptake did not considerably affect gene expression in epithelial cells, whereas five genes were up-regulated in macrophages. These genes are principally related to inflammation, chemotaxis, and cell adhesion. Nuclear receptor NR4A1, an important modulator of inflammation in macrophages, was found to be up-regulated. The expression of this gene was also increased upon 1 h of macrophage exposure to spherical 50 nm AuNPs and 200 nm spherical SiO<sub>2</sub> NPs. NR4A1 can thus be an important immediate regulator of inflammation provoked by NP uptake in macrophages.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/4/690nanoparticlesgene regulationendocytosisinflammationNR4A1 |
| spellingShingle | Mauro Sousa de Almeida Patricia Taladriz-Blanco Barbara Drasler Sandor Balog Phattadon Yajan Alke Petri-Fink Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser Cellular Uptake of Silica and Gold Nanoparticles Induces Early Activation of Nuclear Receptor NR4A1 Nanomaterials nanoparticles gene regulation endocytosis inflammation NR4A1 |
| title | Cellular Uptake of Silica and Gold Nanoparticles Induces Early Activation of Nuclear Receptor NR4A1 |
| title_full | Cellular Uptake of Silica and Gold Nanoparticles Induces Early Activation of Nuclear Receptor NR4A1 |
| title_fullStr | Cellular Uptake of Silica and Gold Nanoparticles Induces Early Activation of Nuclear Receptor NR4A1 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cellular Uptake of Silica and Gold Nanoparticles Induces Early Activation of Nuclear Receptor NR4A1 |
| title_short | Cellular Uptake of Silica and Gold Nanoparticles Induces Early Activation of Nuclear Receptor NR4A1 |
| title_sort | cellular uptake of silica and gold nanoparticles induces early activation of nuclear receptor nr4a1 |
| topic | nanoparticles gene regulation endocytosis inflammation NR4A1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/4/690 |
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