Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Pigment Echinochrome A from Sea Urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis
Echinochrome A (EchA) is a dark-red pigment of the polyhydroxynaphthoquinone class isolated from sea urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are used in the treatment of various neuromuscular disorders, and are considered as strong therapeutic agents for the treatment o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2014-06-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/12/6/3560 |
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| author | Sung Ryul Lee Julius Ryan D. Pronto Bolor-Erdene Sarankhuu Kyung Soo Ko Byoung Doo Rhee Nari Kim Natalia P. Mishchenko Sergey A. Fedoreyev Valentin A. Stonik Jin Han |
| author_facet | Sung Ryul Lee Julius Ryan D. Pronto Bolor-Erdene Sarankhuu Kyung Soo Ko Byoung Doo Rhee Nari Kim Natalia P. Mishchenko Sergey A. Fedoreyev Valentin A. Stonik Jin Han |
| author_sort | Sung Ryul Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Echinochrome A (EchA) is a dark-red pigment of the polyhydroxynaphthoquinone class isolated from sea urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are used in the treatment of various neuromuscular disorders, and are considered as strong therapeutic agents for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although EchA is clinically used to treat ophthalmic diseases and limit infarct formation during ischemia/ reperfusion injury, anti-AChE effect of EchA is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the anti-AChE effect of EchA in vitro. EchA and its exhausted form which lost anti-oxidant capacity did not show any significant cytotoxicy on the H9c2 and A7r5 cells. EchA inhibited AChE with an irreversible and uncompetitive mode. In addition, EchA showed reactive oxygen species scavenging activity, particularly with nitric oxide. These findings indicate new therapeutic potential for EchA in treating reduced acetylcholine-related diseases including AD and provide an insight into developing new AChE inhibitors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:46:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da66d4d5ae4b43b1b791c49dbd5b844b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:46:54Z |
| publishDate | 2014-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-da66d4d5ae4b43b1b791c49dbd5b844b2022-12-22T02:57:33ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972014-06-011263560357310.3390/md12063560md12063560Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Pigment Echinochrome A from Sea Urchin Scaphechinus mirabilisSung Ryul Lee0Julius Ryan D. Pronto1Bolor-Erdene Sarankhuu2Kyung Soo Ko3Byoung Doo Rhee4Nari Kim5Natalia P. Mishchenko6Sergey A. Fedoreyev7Valentin A. Stonik8Jin Han9National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, KoreaNational Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, KoreaNational Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, KoreaNational Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, KoreaNational Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, KoreaNational Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, KoreaElyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok 690022, RussiaElyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok 690022, RussiaElyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok 690022, RussiaNational Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, KoreaEchinochrome A (EchA) is a dark-red pigment of the polyhydroxynaphthoquinone class isolated from sea urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are used in the treatment of various neuromuscular disorders, and are considered as strong therapeutic agents for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although EchA is clinically used to treat ophthalmic diseases and limit infarct formation during ischemia/ reperfusion injury, anti-AChE effect of EchA is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the anti-AChE effect of EchA in vitro. EchA and its exhausted form which lost anti-oxidant capacity did not show any significant cytotoxicy on the H9c2 and A7r5 cells. EchA inhibited AChE with an irreversible and uncompetitive mode. In addition, EchA showed reactive oxygen species scavenging activity, particularly with nitric oxide. These findings indicate new therapeutic potential for EchA in treating reduced acetylcholine-related diseases including AD and provide an insight into developing new AChE inhibitors.http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/12/6/3560acetylcholinesteraseechinochrome Anitric oxidesea urchinuncompetitive |
| spellingShingle | Sung Ryul Lee Julius Ryan D. Pronto Bolor-Erdene Sarankhuu Kyung Soo Ko Byoung Doo Rhee Nari Kim Natalia P. Mishchenko Sergey A. Fedoreyev Valentin A. Stonik Jin Han Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Pigment Echinochrome A from Sea Urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis Marine Drugs acetylcholinesterase echinochrome A nitric oxide sea urchin uncompetitive |
| title | Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Pigment Echinochrome A from Sea Urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis |
| title_full | Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Pigment Echinochrome A from Sea Urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis |
| title_fullStr | Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Pigment Echinochrome A from Sea Urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Pigment Echinochrome A from Sea Urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis |
| title_short | Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Pigment Echinochrome A from Sea Urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis |
| title_sort | acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of pigment echinochrome a from sea urchin scaphechinus mirabilis |
| topic | acetylcholinesterase echinochrome A nitric oxide sea urchin uncompetitive |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/12/6/3560 |
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