Effects of Harpin and Flg22 on Growth Enhancement and Pathogen Defense in <i>Cannabis sativa</i> Seedlings
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs, are a diverse group of molecules associated with pathogenic microbes and are known to activate immune response and in some cases enhance growth in plants. Two PAMPs, harpin and flg22, have shown these affects in various plant species. PAMPs are known to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/9/1178 |
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| author | Lauren B. Sands Taylor Cheek Joseph Reynolds Yi Ma Gerald A. Berkowitz |
| author_facet | Lauren B. Sands Taylor Cheek Joseph Reynolds Yi Ma Gerald A. Berkowitz |
| author_sort | Lauren B. Sands |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs, are a diverse group of molecules associated with pathogenic microbes and are known to activate immune response and in some cases enhance growth in plants. Two PAMPs, harpin and flg22, have shown these affects in various plant species. PAMPs are known to activate basal immunity, the ethylene signaling pathway, alter gene expression and change plant composition. Pretreatment with harpin enhanced hemp seedling resistance to <i>Pythium aphanidermatum</i>, while flg22 failed to induce the defense mechanism towards <i>P. aphanidermatum</i>. In the absence of the pathogen, both harpin and flg22 enhanced seedling growth when compared to the water control. Ethylene is a hormone involved in both plant defense signaling and growth. Both harpin and flg22 pretreatment induced certain ethylene responsive genes but not all the genes examined, indicating that harpin and flg22 act differently in ethylene and potentially defense signaling. In addition, both harpin and flg22 induced <i>CsFRK1</i> and <i>CsPR1</i>, two marker genes for plant innate immunity. Both PAMPs can enhance growth but likely induce different defense signaling pathways. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:49:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da787aafab7a49439aada7c08b0afcc3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:49:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-da787aafab7a49439aada7c08b0afcc32023-11-23T09:02:36ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-04-01119117810.3390/plants11091178Effects of Harpin and Flg22 on Growth Enhancement and Pathogen Defense in <i>Cannabis sativa</i> SeedlingsLauren B. Sands0Taylor Cheek1Joseph Reynolds2Yi Ma3Gerald A. Berkowitz4Agricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USAAgricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USAAgricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USAAgricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USAAgricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USAPathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs, are a diverse group of molecules associated with pathogenic microbes and are known to activate immune response and in some cases enhance growth in plants. Two PAMPs, harpin and flg22, have shown these affects in various plant species. PAMPs are known to activate basal immunity, the ethylene signaling pathway, alter gene expression and change plant composition. Pretreatment with harpin enhanced hemp seedling resistance to <i>Pythium aphanidermatum</i>, while flg22 failed to induce the defense mechanism towards <i>P. aphanidermatum</i>. In the absence of the pathogen, both harpin and flg22 enhanced seedling growth when compared to the water control. Ethylene is a hormone involved in both plant defense signaling and growth. Both harpin and flg22 pretreatment induced certain ethylene responsive genes but not all the genes examined, indicating that harpin and flg22 act differently in ethylene and potentially defense signaling. In addition, both harpin and flg22 induced <i>CsFRK1</i> and <i>CsPR1</i>, two marker genes for plant innate immunity. Both PAMPs can enhance growth but likely induce different defense signaling pathways.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/9/1178<i>Cannabis sativa</i>PAMPharpinflg22hemp<i>Pythium</i> |
| spellingShingle | Lauren B. Sands Taylor Cheek Joseph Reynolds Yi Ma Gerald A. Berkowitz Effects of Harpin and Flg22 on Growth Enhancement and Pathogen Defense in <i>Cannabis sativa</i> Seedlings Plants <i>Cannabis sativa</i> PAMP harpin flg22 hemp <i>Pythium</i> |
| title | Effects of Harpin and Flg22 on Growth Enhancement and Pathogen Defense in <i>Cannabis sativa</i> Seedlings |
| title_full | Effects of Harpin and Flg22 on Growth Enhancement and Pathogen Defense in <i>Cannabis sativa</i> Seedlings |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Harpin and Flg22 on Growth Enhancement and Pathogen Defense in <i>Cannabis sativa</i> Seedlings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Harpin and Flg22 on Growth Enhancement and Pathogen Defense in <i>Cannabis sativa</i> Seedlings |
| title_short | Effects of Harpin and Flg22 on Growth Enhancement and Pathogen Defense in <i>Cannabis sativa</i> Seedlings |
| title_sort | effects of harpin and flg22 on growth enhancement and pathogen defense in i cannabis sativa i seedlings |
| topic | <i>Cannabis sativa</i> PAMP harpin flg22 hemp <i>Pythium</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/9/1178 |
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