| Sumario: | Contrary to what Cervantes’s critics are used to claiming about Don Quixote, one may think that the adventures of the hidalgo —turned into an erring knight— imply a very clear intervention, as far as the concept of criminal fiction is concerned, within the literary system of the Spanish golden age. Indeed, the first evidence of Don Quixote’s geste is a legal order which places him within the category of highwaymen and this is the reason why we aim to look for this other past which is buried in the origins of the fiction. Thus, from Juan Palomeque el Zurdo’s inn —which is transformed into Agramante’s field— to the Sierra Morena where the knight frees the galley slaves, and among them Gines de Pasamonte, an axis emerges on which the legacy of the stories of picaros, delincuents and losers acquire another entity and enable one to understand the positionings of creation faced with the models established by Lazarillo’s anonymous author and by Mateo Alemán in Guzmán de Alfarache.
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