Bilberry (<i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i> L.) Powder Has Anticarcinogenic Effects on Oral Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo
Previous studies indicate that bilberry with high amounts of phenolic compounds can inhibit carcinogenic processes of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. However, no studies have focused on the effects of bilberry on oral cancer. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of bilberry powder...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/8/1319 |
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| author | Matti Mauramo Tuulia Onali Wafa Wahbi Jenni Vasara Anniina Lampinen Elina Mauramo Anne Kivimäki Stefan Martens Hely Häggman Meeri Sutinen Tuula Salo |
| author_facet | Matti Mauramo Tuulia Onali Wafa Wahbi Jenni Vasara Anniina Lampinen Elina Mauramo Anne Kivimäki Stefan Martens Hely Häggman Meeri Sutinen Tuula Salo |
| author_sort | Matti Mauramo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Previous studies indicate that bilberry with high amounts of phenolic compounds can inhibit carcinogenic processes of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. However, no studies have focused on the effects of bilberry on oral cancer. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of bilberry powder on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells using both in vitro and in vivo assays. The effects of 0, 1, 10, and 25 mg/mL of whole bilberry powder on the viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC (HSC-3) cells were examined and compared with 0.01 mg/mL of cetuximab. Two oral keratinocyte cell lines served as controls. Tumor area was analyzed in zebrafish microinjected with HSC-3 cells and treated with 2.5, 10, or 25 µg/mL of bilberry powder. Metastases in the head or tail areas were counted. Bilberry powder inhibited the viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of HSC-3 cells (<i>p</i> < 0.05), which was more pronounced with higher concentrations. Cetuximab had no effect on HSC-3 cell migration or invasion. Compared to controls, the tumor area in zebrafish treated with bilberry powder (10 and 25 µg/mL) was reduced significantly (<i>p</i> = 0.038 and <i>p</i> = 0.021, respectively), but the number of fish with metastases did not differ between groups. Based on our in vitro and in vivo experiments, we conclude that whole bilberry powder has anti-tumor effects on OSCC cells. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:03:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da8c5efa299a43f4ba737eaed617a844 |
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| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:03:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-da8c5efa299a43f4ba737eaed617a8442023-11-22T06:37:25ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212021-08-01108131910.3390/antiox10081319Bilberry (<i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i> L.) Powder Has Anticarcinogenic Effects on Oral Carcinoma In Vitro and In VivoMatti Mauramo0Tuulia Onali1Wafa Wahbi2Jenni Vasara3Anniina Lampinen4Elina Mauramo5Anne Kivimäki6Stefan Martens7Hely Häggman8Meeri Sutinen9Tuula Salo10Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, FinlandDepartment of Public Health, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandFondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Center, TN, 380105 San Michele’all Adige, ItalyDepartment of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, FinlandCancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, FinlandDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandPrevious studies indicate that bilberry with high amounts of phenolic compounds can inhibit carcinogenic processes of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. However, no studies have focused on the effects of bilberry on oral cancer. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of bilberry powder on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells using both in vitro and in vivo assays. The effects of 0, 1, 10, and 25 mg/mL of whole bilberry powder on the viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC (HSC-3) cells were examined and compared with 0.01 mg/mL of cetuximab. Two oral keratinocyte cell lines served as controls. Tumor area was analyzed in zebrafish microinjected with HSC-3 cells and treated with 2.5, 10, or 25 µg/mL of bilberry powder. Metastases in the head or tail areas were counted. Bilberry powder inhibited the viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of HSC-3 cells (<i>p</i> < 0.05), which was more pronounced with higher concentrations. Cetuximab had no effect on HSC-3 cell migration or invasion. Compared to controls, the tumor area in zebrafish treated with bilberry powder (10 and 25 µg/mL) was reduced significantly (<i>p</i> = 0.038 and <i>p</i> = 0.021, respectively), but the number of fish with metastases did not differ between groups. Based on our in vitro and in vivo experiments, we conclude that whole bilberry powder has anti-tumor effects on OSCC cells.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/8/1319bilberryoral cancercarcinomaanthocyaninviabilityproliferation |
| spellingShingle | Matti Mauramo Tuulia Onali Wafa Wahbi Jenni Vasara Anniina Lampinen Elina Mauramo Anne Kivimäki Stefan Martens Hely Häggman Meeri Sutinen Tuula Salo Bilberry (<i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i> L.) Powder Has Anticarcinogenic Effects on Oral Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidants bilberry oral cancer carcinoma anthocyanin viability proliferation |
| title | Bilberry (<i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i> L.) Powder Has Anticarcinogenic Effects on Oral Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo |
| title_full | Bilberry (<i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i> L.) Powder Has Anticarcinogenic Effects on Oral Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo |
| title_fullStr | Bilberry (<i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i> L.) Powder Has Anticarcinogenic Effects on Oral Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bilberry (<i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i> L.) Powder Has Anticarcinogenic Effects on Oral Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo |
| title_short | Bilberry (<i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i> L.) Powder Has Anticarcinogenic Effects on Oral Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo |
| title_sort | bilberry i vaccinium myrtillus i l powder has anticarcinogenic effects on oral carcinoma in vitro and in vivo |
| topic | bilberry oral cancer carcinoma anthocyanin viability proliferation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/8/1319 |
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