Novel Approximate Distribution of the Sum of Lognormal-Rician Turbulence Channels With Pointing Errors and Applications in MIMO FSO Links
In this paper, an approximate closed-form probability density function expression for the sum of lognormal-Rician turbulence channels with Rayleigh pointing errors is developed. The results of Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit statistical tests show that the proposed approximation is highly accurat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2022-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Photonics Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9790303/ |
| _version_ | 1811338362842251264 |
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| author | Maoke Miao Xiaofeng Li |
| author_facet | Maoke Miao Xiaofeng Li |
| author_sort | Maoke Miao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, an approximate closed-form probability density function expression for the sum of lognormal-Rician turbulence channels with Rayleigh pointing errors is developed. The results of Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit statistical tests show that the proposed approximation is highly accurate across a wide range of channel conditions. Also, the analysis of approximation error is presented in detail, and it indicates that a more efficient approximation can be achieved for larger coherence parameter <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$r$</tex-math></inline-formula> and smaller variance <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma _{z}^{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. To reveal the importance of proposed approximation, the closed-form expressions for the ergodic capacity, outage probability, and bit-error rate are derived in terms of Meijer’s G-function. The performance of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) free-space optical (FSO) systems with equal gain combining (EGC) diversity technique are analyzed in detail under different scenarios, including the number of transmit and receive apertures, turbulence channels, and presence of pointing errors. It is observed that MIMO technology can offer a significant improvement in FSO performance when compared with the single-input single-output (SISO) systems. The ergodic capacity and BER performance at high signal-to-noise ratio are also obtained to provide further insights. Numerical results demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed approach. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T18:09:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-da9beb8f768944459f1e6a4f9f7f7fb7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1943-0655 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T18:09:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Photonics Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-da9beb8f768944459f1e6a4f9f7f7fb72022-12-22T02:35:57ZengIEEEIEEE Photonics Journal1943-06552022-01-0114411510.1109/JPHOT.2022.31810419790303Novel Approximate Distribution of the Sum of Lognormal-Rician Turbulence Channels With Pointing Errors and Applications in MIMO FSO LinksMaoke Miao0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5220-0926Xiaofeng Li1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0490-1717School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Aeronautics and Astronautics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaIn this paper, an approximate closed-form probability density function expression for the sum of lognormal-Rician turbulence channels with Rayleigh pointing errors is developed. The results of Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit statistical tests show that the proposed approximation is highly accurate across a wide range of channel conditions. Also, the analysis of approximation error is presented in detail, and it indicates that a more efficient approximation can be achieved for larger coherence parameter <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$r$</tex-math></inline-formula> and smaller variance <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma _{z}^{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. To reveal the importance of proposed approximation, the closed-form expressions for the ergodic capacity, outage probability, and bit-error rate are derived in terms of Meijer’s G-function. The performance of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) free-space optical (FSO) systems with equal gain combining (EGC) diversity technique are analyzed in detail under different scenarios, including the number of transmit and receive apertures, turbulence channels, and presence of pointing errors. It is observed that MIMO technology can offer a significant improvement in FSO performance when compared with the single-input single-output (SISO) systems. The ergodic capacity and BER performance at high signal-to-noise ratio are also obtained to provide further insights. Numerical results demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed approach.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9790303/Lognormal-Rician turbulence channelsRayleigh pointing errorsKolmogorov-Smirnov statistical testsMIMO FSO communication systemsequal gain combining (EGC) diversity |
| spellingShingle | Maoke Miao Xiaofeng Li Novel Approximate Distribution of the Sum of Lognormal-Rician Turbulence Channels With Pointing Errors and Applications in MIMO FSO Links IEEE Photonics Journal Lognormal-Rician turbulence channels Rayleigh pointing errors Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical tests MIMO FSO communication systems equal gain combining (EGC) diversity |
| title | Novel Approximate Distribution of the Sum of Lognormal-Rician Turbulence Channels With Pointing Errors and Applications in MIMO FSO Links |
| title_full | Novel Approximate Distribution of the Sum of Lognormal-Rician Turbulence Channels With Pointing Errors and Applications in MIMO FSO Links |
| title_fullStr | Novel Approximate Distribution of the Sum of Lognormal-Rician Turbulence Channels With Pointing Errors and Applications in MIMO FSO Links |
| title_full_unstemmed | Novel Approximate Distribution of the Sum of Lognormal-Rician Turbulence Channels With Pointing Errors and Applications in MIMO FSO Links |
| title_short | Novel Approximate Distribution of the Sum of Lognormal-Rician Turbulence Channels With Pointing Errors and Applications in MIMO FSO Links |
| title_sort | novel approximate distribution of the sum of lognormal rician turbulence channels with pointing errors and applications in mimo fso links |
| topic | Lognormal-Rician turbulence channels Rayleigh pointing errors Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical tests MIMO FSO communication systems equal gain combining (EGC) diversity |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9790303/ |
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