Immediate effects of forefoot wedges on multi-segment foot kinematics during jogging in recreational runners with a symptomatic pronated foot
Background: Foot orthoses (FOs) have been used to alter lower limb kinematics and kinetics in pronated feet. A clear relationship between FOs’ features, e.g., the amount of wedging and support, and the corresponding biomechanical responses is vital for the design and prescription of FOs. In this stu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.1064240/full |
| _version_ | 1828068627283181568 |
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| author | Xianyi Zhang Xianyi Zhang Benedicte Vanwanseele |
| author_facet | Xianyi Zhang Xianyi Zhang Benedicte Vanwanseele |
| author_sort | Xianyi Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Foot orthoses (FOs) have been used to alter lower limb kinematics and kinetics in pronated feet. A clear relationship between FOs’ features, e.g., the amount of wedging and support, and the corresponding biomechanical responses is vital for the design and prescription of FOs. In this study, we sought to determine if changing the level of the forefoot wedge would cause a linear response in the multi-segment foot kinematics during jogging, and if this effect would be enhanced by an arch support.Methods: Ten pairs of 3D printed FOs with five levels of forefoot wedges and two levels of arch supports were tested on 12 recreational runners with a symptomatic pronated foot. Multi-segment foot kinematic data during jogging was measured using the Oxford Foot Model. Two-way ANOVAs were performed to examine the main effect of the forefoot wedge and arch support, as well as their interaction on peak joint angles. Statistical parametric mapping and paired-t tests were used to identify differences in the foot kinematic traces and the joint range of motion (ROM) between each FO and the control, respectively.Results: Linear main effects for the forefoot wedge level were found in the forefoot peak dorsiflexion, eversion and rearfoot peak dorsiflexion of jogging. FOs with a medial forefoot wedge caused an average of 2.5° reduction of the forefoot peak abduction during jogging. Furthermore, forefoot wedges showed an opposite effect on the sagittal ROM of the forefoot and rearfoot. Adding an arch support did not improve the kinematic performance of a forefoot wedge during jogging.Conclusion: This study highlights a linear dose-response effect of a forefoot wedge on forefoot kinematics during jogging, and suggests using a medial forefoot wedge as an anti-pronator component for controlling forefoot motion of a pronated foot. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:05:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dab5f83a75614d1ba96947489bcd1b7f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:05:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-dab5f83a75614d1ba96947489bcd1b7f2023-01-09T11:30:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2023-01-011310.3389/fphys.2022.10642401064240Immediate effects of forefoot wedges on multi-segment foot kinematics during jogging in recreational runners with a symptomatic pronated footXianyi Zhang0Xianyi Zhang1Benedicte Vanwanseele2School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaKey Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumBackground: Foot orthoses (FOs) have been used to alter lower limb kinematics and kinetics in pronated feet. A clear relationship between FOs’ features, e.g., the amount of wedging and support, and the corresponding biomechanical responses is vital for the design and prescription of FOs. In this study, we sought to determine if changing the level of the forefoot wedge would cause a linear response in the multi-segment foot kinematics during jogging, and if this effect would be enhanced by an arch support.Methods: Ten pairs of 3D printed FOs with five levels of forefoot wedges and two levels of arch supports were tested on 12 recreational runners with a symptomatic pronated foot. Multi-segment foot kinematic data during jogging was measured using the Oxford Foot Model. Two-way ANOVAs were performed to examine the main effect of the forefoot wedge and arch support, as well as their interaction on peak joint angles. Statistical parametric mapping and paired-t tests were used to identify differences in the foot kinematic traces and the joint range of motion (ROM) between each FO and the control, respectively.Results: Linear main effects for the forefoot wedge level were found in the forefoot peak dorsiflexion, eversion and rearfoot peak dorsiflexion of jogging. FOs with a medial forefoot wedge caused an average of 2.5° reduction of the forefoot peak abduction during jogging. Furthermore, forefoot wedges showed an opposite effect on the sagittal ROM of the forefoot and rearfoot. Adding an arch support did not improve the kinematic performance of a forefoot wedge during jogging.Conclusion: This study highlights a linear dose-response effect of a forefoot wedge on forefoot kinematics during jogging, and suggests using a medial forefoot wedge as an anti-pronator component for controlling forefoot motion of a pronated foot.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.1064240/fullfoot orthosesrunning biomechanicsmulti-segment foot kinematicspronated footdose-response effect |
| spellingShingle | Xianyi Zhang Xianyi Zhang Benedicte Vanwanseele Immediate effects of forefoot wedges on multi-segment foot kinematics during jogging in recreational runners with a symptomatic pronated foot Frontiers in Physiology foot orthoses running biomechanics multi-segment foot kinematics pronated foot dose-response effect |
| title | Immediate effects of forefoot wedges on multi-segment foot kinematics during jogging in recreational runners with a symptomatic pronated foot |
| title_full | Immediate effects of forefoot wedges on multi-segment foot kinematics during jogging in recreational runners with a symptomatic pronated foot |
| title_fullStr | Immediate effects of forefoot wedges on multi-segment foot kinematics during jogging in recreational runners with a symptomatic pronated foot |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immediate effects of forefoot wedges on multi-segment foot kinematics during jogging in recreational runners with a symptomatic pronated foot |
| title_short | Immediate effects of forefoot wedges on multi-segment foot kinematics during jogging in recreational runners with a symptomatic pronated foot |
| title_sort | immediate effects of forefoot wedges on multi segment foot kinematics during jogging in recreational runners with a symptomatic pronated foot |
| topic | foot orthoses running biomechanics multi-segment foot kinematics pronated foot dose-response effect |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.1064240/full |
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