Pathogenesis-Related Proteins (PRs) with Enzyme Activity Activating Plant Defense Responses
Throughout evolution, plants have developed a highly complex defense system against different threats, including phytopathogens. Plant defense depends on constitutive and induced factors combined as defense mechanisms. These mechanisms involve a complex signaling network linking structural and bioch...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/11/2226 |
| _version_ | 1797596957470883840 |
|---|---|
| author | Cristiane dos Santos Octávio Luiz Franco |
| author_facet | Cristiane dos Santos Octávio Luiz Franco |
| author_sort | Cristiane dos Santos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Throughout evolution, plants have developed a highly complex defense system against different threats, including phytopathogens. Plant defense depends on constitutive and induced factors combined as defense mechanisms. These mechanisms involve a complex signaling network linking structural and biochemical defense. Antimicrobial and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are examples of this mechanism, which can accumulate extra- and intracellular space after infection. However, despite their name, some PR proteins are present at low levels even in healthy plant tissues. When they face a pathogen, these PRs can increase in abundance, acting as the first line of plant defense. Thus, PRs play a key role in early defense events, which can reduce the damage and mortality caused by pathogens. In this context, the present review will discuss defense response proteins, which have been identified as PRs, with enzymatic action, including constitutive enzymes, β-1,3 glucanase, chitinase, peroxidase and ribonucleases. From the technological perspective, we discuss the advances of the last decade applied to the study of these enzymes, which are important in the early events of higher plant defense against phytopathogens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:00:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dab83d18f6cb46a5b11d9a0b0ab7e726 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:00:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-dab83d18f6cb46a5b11d9a0b0ab7e7262023-11-18T08:25:03ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-06-011211222610.3390/plants12112226Pathogenesis-Related Proteins (PRs) with Enzyme Activity Activating Plant Defense ResponsesCristiane dos Santos0Octávio Luiz Franco1S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, BrazilS-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, BrazilThroughout evolution, plants have developed a highly complex defense system against different threats, including phytopathogens. Plant defense depends on constitutive and induced factors combined as defense mechanisms. These mechanisms involve a complex signaling network linking structural and biochemical defense. Antimicrobial and pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins are examples of this mechanism, which can accumulate extra- and intracellular space after infection. However, despite their name, some PR proteins are present at low levels even in healthy plant tissues. When they face a pathogen, these PRs can increase in abundance, acting as the first line of plant defense. Thus, PRs play a key role in early defense events, which can reduce the damage and mortality caused by pathogens. In this context, the present review will discuss defense response proteins, which have been identified as PRs, with enzymatic action, including constitutive enzymes, β-1,3 glucanase, chitinase, peroxidase and ribonucleases. From the technological perspective, we discuss the advances of the last decade applied to the study of these enzymes, which are important in the early events of higher plant defense against phytopathogens.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/11/2226plant–pathogen interactionplant protectionpreformed mechanismpostformed mechanismsignaling pathways |
| spellingShingle | Cristiane dos Santos Octávio Luiz Franco Pathogenesis-Related Proteins (PRs) with Enzyme Activity Activating Plant Defense Responses Plants plant–pathogen interaction plant protection preformed mechanism postformed mechanism signaling pathways |
| title | Pathogenesis-Related Proteins (PRs) with Enzyme Activity Activating Plant Defense Responses |
| title_full | Pathogenesis-Related Proteins (PRs) with Enzyme Activity Activating Plant Defense Responses |
| title_fullStr | Pathogenesis-Related Proteins (PRs) with Enzyme Activity Activating Plant Defense Responses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathogenesis-Related Proteins (PRs) with Enzyme Activity Activating Plant Defense Responses |
| title_short | Pathogenesis-Related Proteins (PRs) with Enzyme Activity Activating Plant Defense Responses |
| title_sort | pathogenesis related proteins prs with enzyme activity activating plant defense responses |
| topic | plant–pathogen interaction plant protection preformed mechanism postformed mechanism signaling pathways |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/11/2226 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cristianedossantos pathogenesisrelatedproteinsprswithenzymeactivityactivatingplantdefenseresponses AT octavioluizfranco pathogenesisrelatedproteinsprswithenzymeactivityactivatingplantdefenseresponses |