Current Views on Infective Endocarditis: Changing Epidemiology, Improving Diagnostic Tools and Centering the Patient for Up-to-Date Management
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but potentially life-threatening disease, sometimes with longstanding sequels among surviving patients. The population at high risk of IE is represented by patients with underlying structural heart disease and/or intravascular prosthetic material. Taking into ac...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/2/377 |
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| author | Giovanni Cimmino Roberta Bottino Tiziana Formisano Massimiliano Orlandi Daniele Molinari Simona Sperlongano Pasquale Castaldo Saverio D’Elia Andreina Carbone Alberto Palladino Lavinia Forte Francesco Coppolino Michele Torella Nicola Coppola |
| author_facet | Giovanni Cimmino Roberta Bottino Tiziana Formisano Massimiliano Orlandi Daniele Molinari Simona Sperlongano Pasquale Castaldo Saverio D’Elia Andreina Carbone Alberto Palladino Lavinia Forte Francesco Coppolino Michele Torella Nicola Coppola |
| author_sort | Giovanni Cimmino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but potentially life-threatening disease, sometimes with longstanding sequels among surviving patients. The population at high risk of IE is represented by patients with underlying structural heart disease and/or intravascular prosthetic material. Taking into account the increasing number of intravascular and intracardiac procedures associated with device implantation, the number of patients at risk is growing too. If bacteremia develops, infected vegetation on the native/prosthetic valve or any intracardiac/intravascular device may occur as the final result of invading microorganisms/host immune system interaction. In the case of IE suspicion, all efforts must be focused on the diagnosis as IE can spread to almost any organ in the body. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of IE might be difficult and require a combination of clinical examination, microbiological assessment and echocardiographic evaluation. There is a need of novel microbiological and imaging techniques, especially in cases of blood culture-negative. In the last few years, the management of IE has changed. A multidisciplinary care team, including experts in infectious diseases, cardiology and cardiac surgery, namely, the Endocarditis Team, is highly recommended by the current guidelines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:32:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dac779ee2da849099e003f8c954e3bb8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:32:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-dac779ee2da849099e003f8c954e3bb82023-11-16T21:40:26ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292023-01-0113237710.3390/life13020377Current Views on Infective Endocarditis: Changing Epidemiology, Improving Diagnostic Tools and Centering the Patient for Up-to-Date ManagementGiovanni Cimmino0Roberta Bottino1Tiziana Formisano2Massimiliano Orlandi3Daniele Molinari4Simona Sperlongano5Pasquale Castaldo6Saverio D’Elia7Andreina Carbone8Alberto Palladino9Lavinia Forte10Francesco Coppolino11Michele Torella12Nicola Coppola13Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, ItalyCardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Napoli, ItalyCardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Napoli, ItalyCardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Napoli, ItalyCardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, ItalyCardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Napoli, ItalyCardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Napoli, ItalyCardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Napoli, ItalyCardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Napoli, ItalyCardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Section of Anaesthesiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiac Surgery and Heart Transplant, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, ItalyDepartment of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, ItalyInfective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but potentially life-threatening disease, sometimes with longstanding sequels among surviving patients. The population at high risk of IE is represented by patients with underlying structural heart disease and/or intravascular prosthetic material. Taking into account the increasing number of intravascular and intracardiac procedures associated with device implantation, the number of patients at risk is growing too. If bacteremia develops, infected vegetation on the native/prosthetic valve or any intracardiac/intravascular device may occur as the final result of invading microorganisms/host immune system interaction. In the case of IE suspicion, all efforts must be focused on the diagnosis as IE can spread to almost any organ in the body. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of IE might be difficult and require a combination of clinical examination, microbiological assessment and echocardiographic evaluation. There is a need of novel microbiological and imaging techniques, especially in cases of blood culture-negative. In the last few years, the management of IE has changed. A multidisciplinary care team, including experts in infectious diseases, cardiology and cardiac surgery, namely, the Endocarditis Team, is highly recommended by the current guidelines.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/2/377infectionantibioticsimaging techniquemultidisciplinary team |
| spellingShingle | Giovanni Cimmino Roberta Bottino Tiziana Formisano Massimiliano Orlandi Daniele Molinari Simona Sperlongano Pasquale Castaldo Saverio D’Elia Andreina Carbone Alberto Palladino Lavinia Forte Francesco Coppolino Michele Torella Nicola Coppola Current Views on Infective Endocarditis: Changing Epidemiology, Improving Diagnostic Tools and Centering the Patient for Up-to-Date Management Life infection antibiotics imaging technique multidisciplinary team |
| title | Current Views on Infective Endocarditis: Changing Epidemiology, Improving Diagnostic Tools and Centering the Patient for Up-to-Date Management |
| title_full | Current Views on Infective Endocarditis: Changing Epidemiology, Improving Diagnostic Tools and Centering the Patient for Up-to-Date Management |
| title_fullStr | Current Views on Infective Endocarditis: Changing Epidemiology, Improving Diagnostic Tools and Centering the Patient for Up-to-Date Management |
| title_full_unstemmed | Current Views on Infective Endocarditis: Changing Epidemiology, Improving Diagnostic Tools and Centering the Patient for Up-to-Date Management |
| title_short | Current Views on Infective Endocarditis: Changing Epidemiology, Improving Diagnostic Tools and Centering the Patient for Up-to-Date Management |
| title_sort | current views on infective endocarditis changing epidemiology improving diagnostic tools and centering the patient for up to date management |
| topic | infection antibiotics imaging technique multidisciplinary team |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/2/377 |
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