Pharmacokinetic Behaviour of Enrofloxacin after Single Intramuscular Dosage in American Black Vultures (<i>Coragyps atratus</i>)
The aim of the study was to investigate the intramuscular pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in black vultures (<i>Coragyps atratus</i>). The pharmacokinetics of a single intramuscular dose (10 mg/kg) of enrofloxacin was studied in six vultures. Plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin and it...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/8/957 |
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| author | Samanta Waxman José Julio de Lucas Guillermo Wiemeyer Laura Torres Bianchini Manuel Ignacio San Andrés Casilda Rodríguez |
| author_facet | Samanta Waxman José Julio de Lucas Guillermo Wiemeyer Laura Torres Bianchini Manuel Ignacio San Andrés Casilda Rodríguez |
| author_sort | Samanta Waxman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of the study was to investigate the intramuscular pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in black vultures (<i>Coragyps atratus</i>). The pharmacokinetics of a single intramuscular dose (10 mg/kg) of enrofloxacin was studied in six vultures. Plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite, ciprofloxacin, were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLCuv). Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using non-compartmental and compartmental analysis. After intramuscular administration, enrofloxacin showed a rapid and complete absorption, reaching a Cmax value of 3.26 ± 0.23 μg/mL at 1.75 ± 0.53 h. A long terminal half-life of 19.58 h has been observed. Using previously published MIC values to perform a PK/PD analysis, cumulative fraction responses obtained after Monte Carlo simulation for AUC/MIC > 30, 50 and 125 were 72.93%, 72.34% and 30.86% for <i>E. coli</i> and 89.29%, 88.89% and 58.57% for <i>Mycoplasma synoviae</i>, respectively. Cumulative fraction responses obtained for Cmax/MIC index were 33.93% and 40.18% for <i>E. coli</i> and <i>M. synoviae</i>, respectively. The intramuscular administration of 10 mg/kg could be appropriate to treat infectious diseases caused by gram-positive bacteria with MIC value lower than 1 µg/mL; however, although enrofloxacin showed a slow elimination in black vultures, plasma concentrations were insufficient to reach the gram-negative stablished breakpoints. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:03:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dac972862a214e94a287730914cdfd79 |
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| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:03:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-dac972862a214e94a287730914cdfd792023-11-22T06:33:51ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822021-08-0110895710.3390/antibiotics10080957Pharmacokinetic Behaviour of Enrofloxacin after Single Intramuscular Dosage in American Black Vultures (<i>Coragyps atratus</i>)Samanta Waxman0José Julio de Lucas1Guillermo Wiemeyer2Laura Torres Bianchini3Manuel Ignacio San Andrés4Casilda Rodríguez5Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Chorroarin 280, Buenos Aires 1427, ArgentinaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainFacultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Chorroarin 280, Buenos Aires 1427, ArgentinaFacultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Chorroarin 280, Buenos Aires 1427, ArgentinaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, SpainThe aim of the study was to investigate the intramuscular pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in black vultures (<i>Coragyps atratus</i>). The pharmacokinetics of a single intramuscular dose (10 mg/kg) of enrofloxacin was studied in six vultures. Plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite, ciprofloxacin, were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLCuv). Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using non-compartmental and compartmental analysis. After intramuscular administration, enrofloxacin showed a rapid and complete absorption, reaching a Cmax value of 3.26 ± 0.23 μg/mL at 1.75 ± 0.53 h. A long terminal half-life of 19.58 h has been observed. Using previously published MIC values to perform a PK/PD analysis, cumulative fraction responses obtained after Monte Carlo simulation for AUC/MIC > 30, 50 and 125 were 72.93%, 72.34% and 30.86% for <i>E. coli</i> and 89.29%, 88.89% and 58.57% for <i>Mycoplasma synoviae</i>, respectively. Cumulative fraction responses obtained for Cmax/MIC index were 33.93% and 40.18% for <i>E. coli</i> and <i>M. synoviae</i>, respectively. The intramuscular administration of 10 mg/kg could be appropriate to treat infectious diseases caused by gram-positive bacteria with MIC value lower than 1 µg/mL; however, although enrofloxacin showed a slow elimination in black vultures, plasma concentrations were insufficient to reach the gram-negative stablished breakpoints.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/8/957black vulturesenrofloxacinpharmacokineticPK/PDMonte Carlo simulation |
| spellingShingle | Samanta Waxman José Julio de Lucas Guillermo Wiemeyer Laura Torres Bianchini Manuel Ignacio San Andrés Casilda Rodríguez Pharmacokinetic Behaviour of Enrofloxacin after Single Intramuscular Dosage in American Black Vultures (<i>Coragyps atratus</i>) Antibiotics black vultures enrofloxacin pharmacokinetic PK/PD Monte Carlo simulation |
| title | Pharmacokinetic Behaviour of Enrofloxacin after Single Intramuscular Dosage in American Black Vultures (<i>Coragyps atratus</i>) |
| title_full | Pharmacokinetic Behaviour of Enrofloxacin after Single Intramuscular Dosage in American Black Vultures (<i>Coragyps atratus</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Pharmacokinetic Behaviour of Enrofloxacin after Single Intramuscular Dosage in American Black Vultures (<i>Coragyps atratus</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacokinetic Behaviour of Enrofloxacin after Single Intramuscular Dosage in American Black Vultures (<i>Coragyps atratus</i>) |
| title_short | Pharmacokinetic Behaviour of Enrofloxacin after Single Intramuscular Dosage in American Black Vultures (<i>Coragyps atratus</i>) |
| title_sort | pharmacokinetic behaviour of enrofloxacin after single intramuscular dosage in american black vultures i coragyps atratus i |
| topic | black vultures enrofloxacin pharmacokinetic PK/PD Monte Carlo simulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/8/957 |
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