A comparison of a ketogenic diet with a LowGI/nutrigenetic diet over 6 months for weight loss and 18-month follow-up
Abstract Background Obesity and its related metabolic disturbances represent a huge health burden on society. Many different weight loss interventions have been trialled with mixed efficacy, as demonstrated by the large number of individuals who regain weight upon completion of such interventions. T...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-09-01
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| Series: | BMC Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40795-020-00370-7 |
| _version_ | 1818503971596140544 |
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| author | Maria Vranceanu Craig Pickering Lorena Filip Ioana Ecaterina Pralea Senthil Sundaram Aseel Al-Saleh Daniela-Saveta Popa Keith A. Grimaldi |
| author_facet | Maria Vranceanu Craig Pickering Lorena Filip Ioana Ecaterina Pralea Senthil Sundaram Aseel Al-Saleh Daniela-Saveta Popa Keith A. Grimaldi |
| author_sort | Maria Vranceanu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Obesity and its related metabolic disturbances represent a huge health burden on society. Many different weight loss interventions have been trialled with mixed efficacy, as demonstrated by the large number of individuals who regain weight upon completion of such interventions. There is evidence that the provision of genetic information may enhance long-term weight loss, either by increasing dietary adherence or through underlying biological mechanisms. Methods The investigators followed 114 overweight and obese subjects from a weight loss clinic in a 2-stage process. 1) A 24-week dietary intervention. The subjects self-selected whether to follow a standardized ketogenic diet (n = 53), or a personalised low-glycemic index (GI) nutrigenetic diet utilising information from 28 single nucleotide polymorphisms (n = 61). 2) After the 24-week diet period, the subjects were monitored for an additional 18 months using standard guidelines for the Keto group vs standard guidelines modified by nutrigenetic advice for the low-Glycaemic Index nutrigenetic diet (lowGI/NG) group. Results After 24 weeks, the keto group lost more weight: − 26.2 ± 3.1 kg vs − 23.5 ± 6.4 kg (p = 0.0061). However, at 18-month follow up, the subjects in the low-GI nutrigenetic diet had lost significantly more weight (− 27.5 ± 8.9 kg) than those in the ketogenic diet who had regained some weight (− 19.4 ± 5.0 kg) (p < 0.0001). Additionally, after the 24-week diet and 18-month follow up the low-GI nutrigenetic diet group had significantly greater (p < 0.0001) improvements in total cholesterol (ketogenic − 35.4 ± 32.2 mg/dl; low-GI nutrigenetic − 52.5 ± 24.3 mg/dl), HDL cholesterol (ketogenic + 4.7 ± 4.5 mg/dl; low-GI nutrigenetic + 11.9 ± 4.1 mg/dl), and fasting glucose (ketogenic − 13.7 ± 8.4 mg/dl; low-GI nutrigenetic − 24.7 ± 7.4 mg/dl). Conclusions These findings demonstrate that the ketogenic group experienced enhanced weight loss during the 24-week dietary intervention. However, at 18-month follow up, the personalised nutrition group (lowGI/NG) lost significantly more weight and experienced significantly greater improvements in measures of cholesterol and blood glucose. This suggests that personalising nutrition has the potential to enhance long-term weight loss and changes in cardiometabolic parameters. Trial registration NCT04330209 , Registered 01/04/2020, retrospectively registered. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T21:30:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-daca921fe2e94cbfbc8c793d227b9a0b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2055-0928 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T21:30:55Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
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| series | BMC Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-daca921fe2e94cbfbc8c793d227b9a0b2022-12-22T01:32:49ZengBMCBMC Nutrition2055-09282020-09-016111210.1186/s40795-020-00370-7A comparison of a ketogenic diet with a LowGI/nutrigenetic diet over 6 months for weight loss and 18-month follow-upMaria Vranceanu0Craig Pickering1Lorena Filip2Ioana Ecaterina Pralea3Senthil Sundaram4Aseel Al-Saleh5Daniela-Saveta Popa6Keith A. Grimaldi7Department of Toxicology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyInstitute of Coaching and Performance, School of Sport and Wellbeing, University of Central LancashireDepartment of Bromatology and Hygiene, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyDepartment of Toxicology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyPrenetics LtdArab Gulf UniversityDepartment of Toxicology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyDepartment of Nutrigenetics and Personalized Nutrition, EurogeneticaAbstract Background Obesity and its related metabolic disturbances represent a huge health burden on society. Many different weight loss interventions have been trialled with mixed efficacy, as demonstrated by the large number of individuals who regain weight upon completion of such interventions. There is evidence that the provision of genetic information may enhance long-term weight loss, either by increasing dietary adherence or through underlying biological mechanisms. Methods The investigators followed 114 overweight and obese subjects from a weight loss clinic in a 2-stage process. 1) A 24-week dietary intervention. The subjects self-selected whether to follow a standardized ketogenic diet (n = 53), or a personalised low-glycemic index (GI) nutrigenetic diet utilising information from 28 single nucleotide polymorphisms (n = 61). 2) After the 24-week diet period, the subjects were monitored for an additional 18 months using standard guidelines for the Keto group vs standard guidelines modified by nutrigenetic advice for the low-Glycaemic Index nutrigenetic diet (lowGI/NG) group. Results After 24 weeks, the keto group lost more weight: − 26.2 ± 3.1 kg vs − 23.5 ± 6.4 kg (p = 0.0061). However, at 18-month follow up, the subjects in the low-GI nutrigenetic diet had lost significantly more weight (− 27.5 ± 8.9 kg) than those in the ketogenic diet who had regained some weight (− 19.4 ± 5.0 kg) (p < 0.0001). Additionally, after the 24-week diet and 18-month follow up the low-GI nutrigenetic diet group had significantly greater (p < 0.0001) improvements in total cholesterol (ketogenic − 35.4 ± 32.2 mg/dl; low-GI nutrigenetic − 52.5 ± 24.3 mg/dl), HDL cholesterol (ketogenic + 4.7 ± 4.5 mg/dl; low-GI nutrigenetic + 11.9 ± 4.1 mg/dl), and fasting glucose (ketogenic − 13.7 ± 8.4 mg/dl; low-GI nutrigenetic − 24.7 ± 7.4 mg/dl). Conclusions These findings demonstrate that the ketogenic group experienced enhanced weight loss during the 24-week dietary intervention. However, at 18-month follow up, the personalised nutrition group (lowGI/NG) lost significantly more weight and experienced significantly greater improvements in measures of cholesterol and blood glucose. This suggests that personalising nutrition has the potential to enhance long-term weight loss and changes in cardiometabolic parameters. Trial registration NCT04330209 , Registered 01/04/2020, retrospectively registered.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40795-020-00370-7Glycaemic indexGenetic testingNutrigeneticsWeight lossKetogenicBMI |
| spellingShingle | Maria Vranceanu Craig Pickering Lorena Filip Ioana Ecaterina Pralea Senthil Sundaram Aseel Al-Saleh Daniela-Saveta Popa Keith A. Grimaldi A comparison of a ketogenic diet with a LowGI/nutrigenetic diet over 6 months for weight loss and 18-month follow-up BMC Nutrition Glycaemic index Genetic testing Nutrigenetics Weight loss Ketogenic BMI |
| title | A comparison of a ketogenic diet with a LowGI/nutrigenetic diet over 6 months for weight loss and 18-month follow-up |
| title_full | A comparison of a ketogenic diet with a LowGI/nutrigenetic diet over 6 months for weight loss and 18-month follow-up |
| title_fullStr | A comparison of a ketogenic diet with a LowGI/nutrigenetic diet over 6 months for weight loss and 18-month follow-up |
| title_full_unstemmed | A comparison of a ketogenic diet with a LowGI/nutrigenetic diet over 6 months for weight loss and 18-month follow-up |
| title_short | A comparison of a ketogenic diet with a LowGI/nutrigenetic diet over 6 months for weight loss and 18-month follow-up |
| title_sort | comparison of a ketogenic diet with a lowgi nutrigenetic diet over 6 months for weight loss and 18 month follow up |
| topic | Glycaemic index Genetic testing Nutrigenetics Weight loss Ketogenic BMI |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40795-020-00370-7 |
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