Changes in cytoplasmic and extracellular neuromelanin in human substantia nigra with normal aging
Neuromelanin (NM) is a dark polymer pigment produced in certain populations of catecholaminergic neurons in the brain. It is present in various areas of the human brain, most often in the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta and the locus coeruleus, the main centers of dopaminergic and noradrenergic...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PAGEPress Publications
2021-09-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Histochemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.ejh.it/index.php/ejh/article/view/3283 |
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| author | Dmitrii E. Korzhevskii Olga V. Kirik Valeriia V. Guselnikova Darya L. Tsyba Elena A. Fedorova Igor P. Grigorev |
| author_facet | Dmitrii E. Korzhevskii Olga V. Kirik Valeriia V. Guselnikova Darya L. Tsyba Elena A. Fedorova Igor P. Grigorev |
| author_sort | Dmitrii E. Korzhevskii |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neuromelanin (NM) is a dark polymer pigment produced in certain populations of catecholaminergic neurons in the brain. It is present in various areas of the human brain, most often in the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta and the locus coeruleus, the main centers of dopaminergic and noradrenergic innervation, respectively. Interest in NM has revived in recent years due to the alleged link between NM and the particular vulnerability of neuromelanin-containing neurons to neurodegeneration. The aim of this work was to study the structural, cytochemical, and localization features of cytoplasmic and extracellular neuromelanin in the human SN pars compacta during normal aging. Sections of human SN from young/middle-aged adults (25 to 51 years old, n=7) and older adults (60 to 78 years old, n=5), all of which had no neurological disorders, were stained histochemically for metals (Perls’ reaction, Mayer's hematoxylin) and immunohistochemically for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and Iba-1. It was shown that dopaminergic neurons in SN pars compacta differ in the amount of neuromelanin and the intensity of TH-immunoreactivity. The number of neuromelanin-containing neurons with decreased TH-immunoreactivity positively correlates with age. Extracellular NM is present in SN pars compacta in both young/middle-aged and older adults. The number of extracellular NM accumulations increases with aging. Cytoplasmic and extracellular NM are predominantly not stained using histochemical methods for detecting metals in people of all ages. We did not detect the appearance of amoeboid microglia in human SN pars compacta with aging, but we found an age-related increase in microglial phagocytic activity. The absence of pronounced microgliosis, as well as a pronounced loss of neuromelanin-containing neurons, indicate the absence of neuroinflammation in human SN pars compacta during normal aging. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T05:01:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dae35807f09c4c19bd955737093bea1d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1121-760X 2038-8306 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T05:01:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | PAGEPress Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Histochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-dae35807f09c4c19bd955737093bea1d2022-12-21T23:16:13ZengPAGEPress PublicationsEuropean Journal of Histochemistry1121-760X2038-83062021-09-0165s110.4081/ejh.2021.3283Changes in cytoplasmic and extracellular neuromelanin in human substantia nigra with normal agingDmitrii E. Korzhevskii0Olga V. Kirik1Valeriia V. Guselnikova2Darya L. Tsyba3Elena A. Fedorova4Igor P. Grigorev5Department of General and Special Morphology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint PetersburgDepartment of General and Special Morphology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint PetersburgDepartment of General and Special Morphology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint PetersburgDepartment of General and Special Morphology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint PetersburgDepartment of General and Special Morphology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint PetersburgDepartment of General and Special Morphology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint PetersburgNeuromelanin (NM) is a dark polymer pigment produced in certain populations of catecholaminergic neurons in the brain. It is present in various areas of the human brain, most often in the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta and the locus coeruleus, the main centers of dopaminergic and noradrenergic innervation, respectively. Interest in NM has revived in recent years due to the alleged link between NM and the particular vulnerability of neuromelanin-containing neurons to neurodegeneration. The aim of this work was to study the structural, cytochemical, and localization features of cytoplasmic and extracellular neuromelanin in the human SN pars compacta during normal aging. Sections of human SN from young/middle-aged adults (25 to 51 years old, n=7) and older adults (60 to 78 years old, n=5), all of which had no neurological disorders, were stained histochemically for metals (Perls’ reaction, Mayer's hematoxylin) and immunohistochemically for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and Iba-1. It was shown that dopaminergic neurons in SN pars compacta differ in the amount of neuromelanin and the intensity of TH-immunoreactivity. The number of neuromelanin-containing neurons with decreased TH-immunoreactivity positively correlates with age. Extracellular NM is present in SN pars compacta in both young/middle-aged and older adults. The number of extracellular NM accumulations increases with aging. Cytoplasmic and extracellular NM are predominantly not stained using histochemical methods for detecting metals in people of all ages. We did not detect the appearance of amoeboid microglia in human SN pars compacta with aging, but we found an age-related increase in microglial phagocytic activity. The absence of pronounced microgliosis, as well as a pronounced loss of neuromelanin-containing neurons, indicate the absence of neuroinflammation in human SN pars compacta during normal aging.https://www.ejh.it/index.php/ejh/article/view/3283neuromelaninsubstantia nigrahumanagingmicrogliaIba-1 |
| spellingShingle | Dmitrii E. Korzhevskii Olga V. Kirik Valeriia V. Guselnikova Darya L. Tsyba Elena A. Fedorova Igor P. Grigorev Changes in cytoplasmic and extracellular neuromelanin in human substantia nigra with normal aging European Journal of Histochemistry neuromelanin substantia nigra human aging microglia Iba-1 |
| title | Changes in cytoplasmic and extracellular neuromelanin in human substantia nigra with normal aging |
| title_full | Changes in cytoplasmic and extracellular neuromelanin in human substantia nigra with normal aging |
| title_fullStr | Changes in cytoplasmic and extracellular neuromelanin in human substantia nigra with normal aging |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in cytoplasmic and extracellular neuromelanin in human substantia nigra with normal aging |
| title_short | Changes in cytoplasmic and extracellular neuromelanin in human substantia nigra with normal aging |
| title_sort | changes in cytoplasmic and extracellular neuromelanin in human substantia nigra with normal aging |
| topic | neuromelanin substantia nigra human aging microglia Iba-1 |
| url | https://www.ejh.it/index.php/ejh/article/view/3283 |
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