<i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> L.: A Simple Ornamental Plant or a Source of Compelling Molecules for Industry?
<i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> L., also known as horse chestnut, is an ornamental tree whose seeds are mostly discarded in landfills in the regions where they are grown. However, recent studies have shown that these seeds can be a source of interesting compounds for several industries. Th...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/10/3/160 |
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| author | Asma Dridi Filipa S. Reis Tânia C. S. P. Pires Ricardo C. Calhelha Carla Pereira Khalil Zaghdoudi Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira Lillian Barros João C. M. Barreira |
| author_facet | Asma Dridi Filipa S. Reis Tânia C. S. P. Pires Ricardo C. Calhelha Carla Pereira Khalil Zaghdoudi Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira Lillian Barros João C. M. Barreira |
| author_sort | Asma Dridi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> L., also known as horse chestnut, is an ornamental tree whose seeds are mostly discarded in landfills in the regions where they are grown. However, recent studies have shown that these seeds can be a source of interesting compounds for several industries. This work aimed to chemically characterize horse chestnut seeds at the level of compounds recognized for their wide bioactivity, i.e., organic acids, including phenolic compounds, using chromatographic methodologies (UFLC-DAD and LC-DAD-ESI/MSn). In addition, the bioactivity of these seeds was evaluated by in vitro methodologies, seeking to relate the respective (bio)activity to the compounds present in the endocarp (husk), seed coat (skin), and peeled seed (pulp). The antioxidant activity (lipid peroxidation inhibition and oxidative haemolysis inhibition), antibacterial potential (against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria) and cytotoxicity (in human tumour cell lines and porcine liver primary cells) were evaluated. Kaempferol-<i>O</i>-pentoside-<i>O</i>-hexoside-<i>O</i>-hexoside was the main phenolic identified in the pulp. At the same time, (-)-epicatechin and β-type (epi)catechin dimer were the major phenolics present in husk and skin, respectively. In general, <i>A. hippocastanum</i> extracts presented antioxidant and antibacterial potential, without toxicity up to the maximal tested dose. Overall, these findings anticipate potential applications of <i>A. hippocastanum</i> seeds in food- or pharmaceutical-related uses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:55:45Z |
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| id | doaj.art-dae7375b188b4eda8608486c0b0f0735 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-8739 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:55:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Separations |
| spelling | doaj.art-dae7375b188b4eda8608486c0b0f07352023-11-17T13:49:52ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392023-02-0110316010.3390/separations10030160<i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> L.: A Simple Ornamental Plant or a Source of Compelling Molecules for Industry?Asma Dridi0Filipa S. Reis1Tânia C. S. P. Pires2Ricardo C. Calhelha3Carla Pereira4Khalil Zaghdoudi5Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira6Lillian Barros7João C. M. Barreira8Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalDépartement Génie Chimique, Université Libre de Tunis, Avenue Khéreddine—Pacha Tunis, 30, Tunis 1002, TunisiaCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, PortugalCentro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal<i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> L., also known as horse chestnut, is an ornamental tree whose seeds are mostly discarded in landfills in the regions where they are grown. However, recent studies have shown that these seeds can be a source of interesting compounds for several industries. This work aimed to chemically characterize horse chestnut seeds at the level of compounds recognized for their wide bioactivity, i.e., organic acids, including phenolic compounds, using chromatographic methodologies (UFLC-DAD and LC-DAD-ESI/MSn). In addition, the bioactivity of these seeds was evaluated by in vitro methodologies, seeking to relate the respective (bio)activity to the compounds present in the endocarp (husk), seed coat (skin), and peeled seed (pulp). The antioxidant activity (lipid peroxidation inhibition and oxidative haemolysis inhibition), antibacterial potential (against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria) and cytotoxicity (in human tumour cell lines and porcine liver primary cells) were evaluated. Kaempferol-<i>O</i>-pentoside-<i>O</i>-hexoside-<i>O</i>-hexoside was the main phenolic identified in the pulp. At the same time, (-)-epicatechin and β-type (epi)catechin dimer were the major phenolics present in husk and skin, respectively. In general, <i>A. hippocastanum</i> extracts presented antioxidant and antibacterial potential, without toxicity up to the maximal tested dose. Overall, these findings anticipate potential applications of <i>A. hippocastanum</i> seeds in food- or pharmaceutical-related uses.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/10/3/160horse chestnutanalytical techniqueschromatographic methodologiesbioactive compoundsbioactivityindustrial applications |
| spellingShingle | Asma Dridi Filipa S. Reis Tânia C. S. P. Pires Ricardo C. Calhelha Carla Pereira Khalil Zaghdoudi Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira Lillian Barros João C. M. Barreira <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> L.: A Simple Ornamental Plant or a Source of Compelling Molecules for Industry? Separations horse chestnut analytical techniques chromatographic methodologies bioactive compounds bioactivity industrial applications |
| title | <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> L.: A Simple Ornamental Plant or a Source of Compelling Molecules for Industry? |
| title_full | <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> L.: A Simple Ornamental Plant or a Source of Compelling Molecules for Industry? |
| title_fullStr | <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> L.: A Simple Ornamental Plant or a Source of Compelling Molecules for Industry? |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> L.: A Simple Ornamental Plant or a Source of Compelling Molecules for Industry? |
| title_short | <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> L.: A Simple Ornamental Plant or a Source of Compelling Molecules for Industry? |
| title_sort | i aesculus hippocastanum i l a simple ornamental plant or a source of compelling molecules for industry |
| topic | horse chestnut analytical techniques chromatographic methodologies bioactive compounds bioactivity industrial applications |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/10/3/160 |
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