Processing and characterization of Arapaima gigas scales and their reinforced epoxy composites
The arapaima is a large Amazonian freshwater fish and an example of a natural protective system against predators such as the piranha fish. In this work, both the plain scales and a 30 vol% of arapaima scales reinforced epoxy composite were characterized for their structure, composition and morpholo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S223878541930523X |
| _version_ | 1818318459805630464 |
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| author | Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra Sergio Neves Monteiro Michelle Souza Oliveira Fernanda Santos da Luz Fabio da Costa Garcia Filho Luana Cristyne da Cruz Demosthenes Ulisses Oliveira Costa |
| author_facet | Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra Sergio Neves Monteiro Michelle Souza Oliveira Fernanda Santos da Luz Fabio da Costa Garcia Filho Luana Cristyne da Cruz Demosthenes Ulisses Oliveira Costa |
| author_sort | Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The arapaima is a large Amazonian freshwater fish and an example of a natural protective system against predators such as the piranha fish. In this work, both the plain scales and a 30 vol% of arapaima scales reinforced epoxy composite were characterized for their structure, composition and morphology. The characterization was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The SEM images showed that the surface morphology of the scales was not altered by the flattening process applied before composite manufacturing. The EDS results confirm that the percentage of calcium is higher in the scale outer layer, which also shows the presence of phosphorous. The evidence of collagens in the plain scales as well as the presence of hydroxyl groups and absorption bands related to the epoxy group in the composites were revealed by FTIR. Mechanical bend tests disclosed the toughening contribution of arapaima scales to the composite epoxy matrix. Nanoindentation testing confirms the higher hardness of the scale outer layer associated with calcium participation. These experimental results provide, for the first time, an initial view of the arapaima scales potential for use as reinforcement in novel polymer composites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T09:53:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-db08164963fa47898829a96d1fd9d7e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T09:53:34Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-db08164963fa47898829a96d1fd9d7e32022-12-21T23:51:52ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542020-05-019330053012Processing and characterization of Arapaima gigas scales and their reinforced epoxy compositesWendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra0Sergio Neves Monteiro1Michelle Souza Oliveira2Fernanda Santos da Luz3Fabio da Costa Garcia Filho4Luana Cristyne da Cruz Demosthenes5Ulisses Oliveira Costa6Corresponding author.; Military Institute of Engineering — IME, Department of Materials Science, Praça General Tibúrcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, CEP 22290-270, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilMilitary Institute of Engineering — IME, Department of Materials Science, Praça General Tibúrcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, CEP 22290-270, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilMilitary Institute of Engineering — IME, Department of Materials Science, Praça General Tibúrcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, CEP 22290-270, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilMilitary Institute of Engineering — IME, Department of Materials Science, Praça General Tibúrcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, CEP 22290-270, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilMilitary Institute of Engineering — IME, Department of Materials Science, Praça General Tibúrcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, CEP 22290-270, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilMilitary Institute of Engineering — IME, Department of Materials Science, Praça General Tibúrcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, CEP 22290-270, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilMilitary Institute of Engineering — IME, Department of Materials Science, Praça General Tibúrcio, 80, Praia Vermelha, CEP 22290-270, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilThe arapaima is a large Amazonian freshwater fish and an example of a natural protective system against predators such as the piranha fish. In this work, both the plain scales and a 30 vol% of arapaima scales reinforced epoxy composite were characterized for their structure, composition and morphology. The characterization was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The SEM images showed that the surface morphology of the scales was not altered by the flattening process applied before composite manufacturing. The EDS results confirm that the percentage of calcium is higher in the scale outer layer, which also shows the presence of phosphorous. The evidence of collagens in the plain scales as well as the presence of hydroxyl groups and absorption bands related to the epoxy group in the composites were revealed by FTIR. Mechanical bend tests disclosed the toughening contribution of arapaima scales to the composite epoxy matrix. Nanoindentation testing confirms the higher hardness of the scale outer layer associated with calcium participation. These experimental results provide, for the first time, an initial view of the arapaima scales potential for use as reinforcement in novel polymer composites.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S223878541930523XArapaima scalesEpoxy compositeSEMEDSFTIRCharacterization |
| spellingShingle | Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra Sergio Neves Monteiro Michelle Souza Oliveira Fernanda Santos da Luz Fabio da Costa Garcia Filho Luana Cristyne da Cruz Demosthenes Ulisses Oliveira Costa Processing and characterization of Arapaima gigas scales and their reinforced epoxy composites Journal of Materials Research and Technology Arapaima scales Epoxy composite SEM EDS FTIR Characterization |
| title | Processing and characterization of Arapaima gigas scales and their reinforced epoxy composites |
| title_full | Processing and characterization of Arapaima gigas scales and their reinforced epoxy composites |
| title_fullStr | Processing and characterization of Arapaima gigas scales and their reinforced epoxy composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Processing and characterization of Arapaima gigas scales and their reinforced epoxy composites |
| title_short | Processing and characterization of Arapaima gigas scales and their reinforced epoxy composites |
| title_sort | processing and characterization of arapaima gigas scales and their reinforced epoxy composites |
| topic | Arapaima scales Epoxy composite SEM EDS FTIR Characterization |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S223878541930523X |
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