Current Trends and Future Perspective of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes in Corneal Diseases
The corneal functions (transparency, refractivity and mechanical strength) deteriorate in many corneal diseases but can be restored after corneal transplantation (penetrating and lamellar keratoplasties). However, the global shortage of transplantable donor corneas remains significant and patients a...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/12/2853 |
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| author | Hassan Mansoor Hon Shing Ong Andri K. Riau Tisha P. Stanzel Jodhbir S. Mehta Gary Hin-Fai Yam |
| author_facet | Hassan Mansoor Hon Shing Ong Andri K. Riau Tisha P. Stanzel Jodhbir S. Mehta Gary Hin-Fai Yam |
| author_sort | Hassan Mansoor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The corneal functions (transparency, refractivity and mechanical strength) deteriorate in many corneal diseases but can be restored after corneal transplantation (penetrating and lamellar keratoplasties). However, the global shortage of transplantable donor corneas remains significant and patients are subject to life-long risk of immune response and graft rejection. Various studies have shown the differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into various corneal cell types. With the unique properties of immunomodulation, anti-angiogenesis and anti-inflammation, they offer the advantages in corneal reconstruction. These effects are widely mediated by MSC differentiation and paracrine signaling via exosomes. Besides the cell-free nature of exosomes in circumventing the problems of cell-fate control and tumorigenesis, the vesicle content can be genetically modified for optimal therapeutic affinity. The pharmacology and toxicology, xeno-free processing with sustained delivery, scale-up production in compliant to Good Manufacturing Practice regulations, and cost-effectiveness are the current foci of research. Routes of administration via injection, topical and/or engineered bioscaffolds are also explored for its applicability in treating corneal diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T10:03:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-db0ef838dd7147d49a361ae3ecabe235 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T10:03:29Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-db0ef838dd7147d49a361ae3ecabe2352022-12-22T02:51:10ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672019-06-012012285310.3390/ijms20122853ijms20122853Current Trends and Future Perspective of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes in Corneal DiseasesHassan Mansoor0Hon Shing Ong1Andri K. Riau2Tisha P. Stanzel3Jodhbir S. Mehta4Gary Hin-Fai Yam5Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell group, Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), Singapore 169856, SingaporeTissue Engineering and Stem Cell group, Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), Singapore 169856, SingaporeTissue Engineering and Stem Cell group, Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), Singapore 169856, SingaporeTissue Engineering and Stem Cell group, Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), Singapore 169856, SingaporeTissue Engineering and Stem Cell group, Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), Singapore 169856, SingaporeTissue Engineering and Stem Cell group, Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), Singapore 169856, SingaporeThe corneal functions (transparency, refractivity and mechanical strength) deteriorate in many corneal diseases but can be restored after corneal transplantation (penetrating and lamellar keratoplasties). However, the global shortage of transplantable donor corneas remains significant and patients are subject to life-long risk of immune response and graft rejection. Various studies have shown the differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into various corneal cell types. With the unique properties of immunomodulation, anti-angiogenesis and anti-inflammation, they offer the advantages in corneal reconstruction. These effects are widely mediated by MSC differentiation and paracrine signaling via exosomes. Besides the cell-free nature of exosomes in circumventing the problems of cell-fate control and tumorigenesis, the vesicle content can be genetically modified for optimal therapeutic affinity. The pharmacology and toxicology, xeno-free processing with sustained delivery, scale-up production in compliant to Good Manufacturing Practice regulations, and cost-effectiveness are the current foci of research. Routes of administration via injection, topical and/or engineered bioscaffolds are also explored for its applicability in treating corneal diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/12/2853mesenchymal stem cellsexosomesinflammationangiogenesisimmunomodulationcorneal regeneration |
| spellingShingle | Hassan Mansoor Hon Shing Ong Andri K. Riau Tisha P. Stanzel Jodhbir S. Mehta Gary Hin-Fai Yam Current Trends and Future Perspective of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes in Corneal Diseases International Journal of Molecular Sciences mesenchymal stem cells exosomes inflammation angiogenesis immunomodulation corneal regeneration |
| title | Current Trends and Future Perspective of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes in Corneal Diseases |
| title_full | Current Trends and Future Perspective of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes in Corneal Diseases |
| title_fullStr | Current Trends and Future Perspective of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes in Corneal Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Current Trends and Future Perspective of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes in Corneal Diseases |
| title_short | Current Trends and Future Perspective of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes in Corneal Diseases |
| title_sort | current trends and future perspective of mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes in corneal diseases |
| topic | mesenchymal stem cells exosomes inflammation angiogenesis immunomodulation corneal regeneration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/12/2853 |
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