Phytochemical investigation and nephroprotective potential of Sida cordata in rat
Abstract Background Plants are an efficient source of natural antioxidant against free radicals causing kidney damages. Sida cordata ethyl acetate fraction has been reported for strong in vitro antioxidant potency, previously. In the present study, our objective was to evaluate its in vivo antioxida...
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BMC
2017-08-01
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| Series: | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-017-1896-8 |
| _version_ | 1811330423038410752 |
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| author | Naseer Ali Shah Muhammad Rashid Khan Dereje Nigussie |
| author_facet | Naseer Ali Shah Muhammad Rashid Khan Dereje Nigussie |
| author_sort | Naseer Ali Shah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Plants are an efficient source of natural antioxidant against free radicals causing kidney damages. Sida cordata ethyl acetate fraction has been reported for strong in vitro antioxidant potency, previously. In the present study, our objective was to evaluate its in vivo antioxidant potency against CCl4 induced nephrotoxicity and investigates the bioactive phytochemicals by HPLC-DAD analysis. Methods Phytochemical analysis was performed by HPLC-DAD methodology. For in vivo study, 42 male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with alternatively managed doses for 60 days. Group I animals were remained untreated. Group II animals were treated with vehicle (1 mL of olive oil) by intragastric route on alternate days. Group III was treated with 30% CCl4 (1 mL/kg b.w.) i.p. Group IV was treated with 30% CCl4 (1 mL/kg b.w.) i.p and silymarin intragastric. Group V and VI rats were treated with 30% CCl4 and SCEE (150 and 300 mg/kg b.w., respectively) intragastric. Group VII animals were treated with SCEE (300 mg/kg b.w.) intragastrically. Blood parameters, Serum proteins and urine profile were investigated. Activities of tissue enzyme i.e. catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, GSH and γ-GT were evaluated. Histopathological observations, total protein contents, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and relative weight were also analyzed. Results Gallic acid, catechin and caffeic acid were identified in SCEE fraction by HPLC-DAD. Decrease in the count of red blood cells, neutrophils, eosinophils and concentration of hemoglobin whereas increase in lymphocyte count and estimation of sedimentation rate (ESR) with 1 mL CCl4 (30% in Olive oil) administration (30 doses in 60 days) was restored dose dependently with co-treatment of SCEE (150 and 300 mg/kg b.w.). Treatment of rats with CCl4 markedly (P < 0.01) increased the count of urinary red blood cells and leucocytes, concentration of urea, creatinine and urobilinogen and specific gravity whereas creatinine clearance was reduced. Serum level of total protein, albumin, globulin, nitrite, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was significantly increased (P < 0.01) by CCl4 treatment. The activity of antioxidant enzymes; catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase and content of reduced glutathione was decreased (P < 0.01) significantly. However, increased concentration (P < 0.01) of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and histopathological injuries were noticed in the renal tissues of rats after the treatment with CCl4. Co-administration of SCEE, dose dependently, protected the alterations in the studied parameters of rats at 150 and 300 mg/kg b.w. The present study revealed that SCEE could be used as a possible remedy for renal toxicity abnormalities. Conclusion These results are an evidence of the renal protective role of S.cordat ethyl acetate fraction against CCl4 induced nephrotoxicity in rats which may be due to its antioxidant compounds. |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj.art-db15f8fb925e438e9851def07cc77c3b2022-12-22T02:40:32ZengBMCBMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine1472-68822017-08-0117111010.1186/s12906-017-1896-8Phytochemical investigation and nephroprotective potential of Sida cordata in ratNaseer Ali Shah0Muhammad Rashid Khan1Dereje Nigussie2Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam UniversityEthiopian Public Health InstituteAbstract Background Plants are an efficient source of natural antioxidant against free radicals causing kidney damages. Sida cordata ethyl acetate fraction has been reported for strong in vitro antioxidant potency, previously. In the present study, our objective was to evaluate its in vivo antioxidant potency against CCl4 induced nephrotoxicity and investigates the bioactive phytochemicals by HPLC-DAD analysis. Methods Phytochemical analysis was performed by HPLC-DAD methodology. For in vivo study, 42 male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with alternatively managed doses for 60 days. Group I animals were remained untreated. Group II animals were treated with vehicle (1 mL of olive oil) by intragastric route on alternate days. Group III was treated with 30% CCl4 (1 mL/kg b.w.) i.p. Group IV was treated with 30% CCl4 (1 mL/kg b.w.) i.p and silymarin intragastric. Group V and VI rats were treated with 30% CCl4 and SCEE (150 and 300 mg/kg b.w., respectively) intragastric. Group VII animals were treated with SCEE (300 mg/kg b.w.) intragastrically. Blood parameters, Serum proteins and urine profile were investigated. Activities of tissue enzyme i.e. catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, GSH and γ-GT were evaluated. Histopathological observations, total protein contents, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and relative weight were also analyzed. Results Gallic acid, catechin and caffeic acid were identified in SCEE fraction by HPLC-DAD. Decrease in the count of red blood cells, neutrophils, eosinophils and concentration of hemoglobin whereas increase in lymphocyte count and estimation of sedimentation rate (ESR) with 1 mL CCl4 (30% in Olive oil) administration (30 doses in 60 days) was restored dose dependently with co-treatment of SCEE (150 and 300 mg/kg b.w.). Treatment of rats with CCl4 markedly (P < 0.01) increased the count of urinary red blood cells and leucocytes, concentration of urea, creatinine and urobilinogen and specific gravity whereas creatinine clearance was reduced. Serum level of total protein, albumin, globulin, nitrite, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was significantly increased (P < 0.01) by CCl4 treatment. The activity of antioxidant enzymes; catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase and content of reduced glutathione was decreased (P < 0.01) significantly. However, increased concentration (P < 0.01) of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and histopathological injuries were noticed in the renal tissues of rats after the treatment with CCl4. Co-administration of SCEE, dose dependently, protected the alterations in the studied parameters of rats at 150 and 300 mg/kg b.w. The present study revealed that SCEE could be used as a possible remedy for renal toxicity abnormalities. Conclusion These results are an evidence of the renal protective role of S.cordat ethyl acetate fraction against CCl4 induced nephrotoxicity in rats which may be due to its antioxidant compounds.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-017-1896-8S. cordataRenal function testAntioxidant enzymesCellular injuriesBloodEthyl acetate |
| spellingShingle | Naseer Ali Shah Muhammad Rashid Khan Dereje Nigussie Phytochemical investigation and nephroprotective potential of Sida cordata in rat BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine S. cordata Renal function test Antioxidant enzymes Cellular injuries Blood Ethyl acetate |
| title | Phytochemical investigation and nephroprotective potential of Sida cordata in rat |
| title_full | Phytochemical investigation and nephroprotective potential of Sida cordata in rat |
| title_fullStr | Phytochemical investigation and nephroprotective potential of Sida cordata in rat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemical investigation and nephroprotective potential of Sida cordata in rat |
| title_short | Phytochemical investigation and nephroprotective potential of Sida cordata in rat |
| title_sort | phytochemical investigation and nephroprotective potential of sida cordata in rat |
| topic | S. cordata Renal function test Antioxidant enzymes Cellular injuries Blood Ethyl acetate |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-017-1896-8 |
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