Intergenerational Patterns of DNA Methylation in <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> Following Exposure to Genotoxicants: A Conjugation in Past Simple or Past Continuous?
Epigenome is susceptible to modulation by environmental pressures—namely, through alterations in global DNA methylation, impacting the organism condition and, ultimately, reverberating on the phenotype of the subsequent generations. Hence, an intergenerational study was conducted, aiming to clarify...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-10-01
|
| Series: | Toxics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/11/271 |
| _version_ | 1797508401840783360 |
|---|---|
| author | Raquel Marçal Lola Llorente Oscar Herrero Rosario Planelló Sofia Guilherme Mário Pacheco |
| author_facet | Raquel Marçal Lola Llorente Oscar Herrero Rosario Planelló Sofia Guilherme Mário Pacheco |
| author_sort | Raquel Marçal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Epigenome is susceptible to modulation by environmental pressures—namely, through alterations in global DNA methylation, impacting the organism condition and, ultimately, reverberating on the phenotype of the subsequent generations. Hence, an intergenerational study was conducted, aiming to clarify the influence of genotoxicants on global DNA methylation of the crayfish <i>Procambarus clarkii</i>. Two subsequent generations were exposed to the herbicide penoxsulam (Px; 23 µg·L<sup>−1</sup>) and to the genotoxicant model ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS; 5 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>). Px did not induce changes in DNA methylation of adult crayfish (F<sub>0</sub>). However, the hypomethylation occurring in unexposed F<sub>1</sub> juveniles demonstrated that the history of exposure per se can modulate epigenome. In F<sub>1</sub> descendants of the Px-exposed group, methylome (hypermethylated) was more affected in males than in females. EMS-induced hypomethylation in adult females (F<sub>0</sub>), also showed gender specificity. In addition, hypomethylation was also observed in the unexposed F<sub>1</sub> crayfish, indicating an intergenerational epigenetic effect. The modulatory role of past exposure to penoxsulam or to EMS also showed a dependency on the crayfish developmental stage. Overall, this research revealed that indirect experiences (events occurring in a predecessor generation) can have an impact even greater than direct experiences (present events) on the epigenetic dynamics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:01:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-db1d295432f9423e807422d05eb31ba0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:01:34Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-db1d295432f9423e807422d05eb31ba02023-11-23T01:47:28ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042021-10-0191127110.3390/toxics9110271Intergenerational Patterns of DNA Methylation in <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> Following Exposure to Genotoxicants: A Conjugation in Past Simple or Past Continuous?Raquel Marçal0Lola Llorente1Oscar Herrero2Rosario Planelló3Sofia Guilherme4Mário Pacheco5Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalBiology and Environmental Toxicology Group, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Paseo de la Senda del Rey 9, 28040 Madrid, SpainBiology and Environmental Toxicology Group, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Paseo de la Senda del Rey 9, 28040 Madrid, SpainBiology and Environmental Toxicology Group, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Paseo de la Senda del Rey 9, 28040 Madrid, SpainCentre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalCentre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalEpigenome is susceptible to modulation by environmental pressures—namely, through alterations in global DNA methylation, impacting the organism condition and, ultimately, reverberating on the phenotype of the subsequent generations. Hence, an intergenerational study was conducted, aiming to clarify the influence of genotoxicants on global DNA methylation of the crayfish <i>Procambarus clarkii</i>. Two subsequent generations were exposed to the herbicide penoxsulam (Px; 23 µg·L<sup>−1</sup>) and to the genotoxicant model ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS; 5 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>). Px did not induce changes in DNA methylation of adult crayfish (F<sub>0</sub>). However, the hypomethylation occurring in unexposed F<sub>1</sub> juveniles demonstrated that the history of exposure per se can modulate epigenome. In F<sub>1</sub> descendants of the Px-exposed group, methylome (hypermethylated) was more affected in males than in females. EMS-induced hypomethylation in adult females (F<sub>0</sub>), also showed gender specificity. In addition, hypomethylation was also observed in the unexposed F<sub>1</sub> crayfish, indicating an intergenerational epigenetic effect. The modulatory role of past exposure to penoxsulam or to EMS also showed a dependency on the crayfish developmental stage. Overall, this research revealed that indirect experiences (events occurring in a predecessor generation) can have an impact even greater than direct experiences (present events) on the epigenetic dynamics.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/11/271crustaceanepigeneticsmethylomeintergenerationalgenotoxicpesticides |
| spellingShingle | Raquel Marçal Lola Llorente Oscar Herrero Rosario Planelló Sofia Guilherme Mário Pacheco Intergenerational Patterns of DNA Methylation in <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> Following Exposure to Genotoxicants: A Conjugation in Past Simple or Past Continuous? Toxics crustacean epigenetics methylome intergenerational genotoxic pesticides |
| title | Intergenerational Patterns of DNA Methylation in <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> Following Exposure to Genotoxicants: A Conjugation in Past Simple or Past Continuous? |
| title_full | Intergenerational Patterns of DNA Methylation in <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> Following Exposure to Genotoxicants: A Conjugation in Past Simple or Past Continuous? |
| title_fullStr | Intergenerational Patterns of DNA Methylation in <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> Following Exposure to Genotoxicants: A Conjugation in Past Simple or Past Continuous? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intergenerational Patterns of DNA Methylation in <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> Following Exposure to Genotoxicants: A Conjugation in Past Simple or Past Continuous? |
| title_short | Intergenerational Patterns of DNA Methylation in <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> Following Exposure to Genotoxicants: A Conjugation in Past Simple or Past Continuous? |
| title_sort | intergenerational patterns of dna methylation in em procambarus clarkii em following exposure to genotoxicants a conjugation in past simple or past continuous |
| topic | crustacean epigenetics methylome intergenerational genotoxic pesticides |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/11/271 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT raquelmarcal intergenerationalpatternsofdnamethylationinemprocambarusclarkiiemfollowingexposuretogenotoxicantsaconjugationinpastsimpleorpastcontinuous AT lolallorente intergenerationalpatternsofdnamethylationinemprocambarusclarkiiemfollowingexposuretogenotoxicantsaconjugationinpastsimpleorpastcontinuous AT oscarherrero intergenerationalpatternsofdnamethylationinemprocambarusclarkiiemfollowingexposuretogenotoxicantsaconjugationinpastsimpleorpastcontinuous AT rosarioplanello intergenerationalpatternsofdnamethylationinemprocambarusclarkiiemfollowingexposuretogenotoxicantsaconjugationinpastsimpleorpastcontinuous AT sofiaguilherme intergenerationalpatternsofdnamethylationinemprocambarusclarkiiemfollowingexposuretogenotoxicantsaconjugationinpastsimpleorpastcontinuous AT mariopacheco intergenerationalpatternsofdnamethylationinemprocambarusclarkiiemfollowingexposuretogenotoxicantsaconjugationinpastsimpleorpastcontinuous |