The Effect of Insulin induced Hypoglycemia on ketoconazole Hepatototxicity in Rabbit
Background: Hypoglycemia is one of the most common side effect of insulin treatment, it affect liver and can potentiate ketoconazole toxicity. Objectives: To measure effect of ketoconazole on liver enzymes, hypoglycemic oxidative stress and to evaluate if N-acetylcysteine, can modulate this effec...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University of Basrah
2015-06-01
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| Series: | The Medical Journal of Basrah University |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://mjbu.uobasrah.edu.iq/article_103870_511adeba58e5118ffa2fa5030df68561.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811276428118851584 |
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| author | Nabeel A.J.Ali Riyad H. Zayer Anaed |
| author_facet | Nabeel A.J.Ali Riyad H. Zayer Anaed |
| author_sort | Nabeel A.J.Ali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Hypoglycemia is one of the most common side effect of insulin treatment, it affect liver and can potentiate ketoconazole toxicity.
Objectives: To measure effect of ketoconazole on liver enzymes, hypoglycemic oxidative stress and to evaluate if N-acetylcysteine, can modulate this effect.
Methods: Thirty five male rabbits were randomly divided into five groups:
Group 1: (control group), Group 2:( ketoconazole), Group 3: (insulin), Group 4: ( ketoconazole+ insulin), Groups 5: (ketoconazole + insulin + N-Acetyl cysteine). Animals were sacrificed at day 3. Blood collected for measurement of liver enzymes, and total bilirubin. Malondialdehyde and glutathione were measured in serum and liver.
Results: Ketoconazole increased serum and liver malondialdehyde, 0.594 ± 0.17 and 4614.49 ± 1288.00 nmol/gm. Increased aspartate aminotransferase 38.19 ± 17.29 and alkaline phosphatase 29.29 ± 10.2 U/L. Insulin increased serum malondialdehyde 0.522 ± 0.19, alkaline phosphatase 15.77 ± 6.12 U/L and bilirubin 0.56 ± 0.26 mg/dl. Ketoconazole + insulin, increased serum malondialdehyde 0.850 ± 0.16 µmol/l and bilirubin 0.77 ± 0.55 mg/dl. Ketoconazole + insulin increased serum malondialdehyde 0.850 ± 0.16 µmol/l, aspartate amino transferase 54.35 ± 18.34 U/L, alanine amino transferase, 34.74 ± 11.08 U/L, alkaline pohospahtase 30.81 ± 12.4 U/L and bilirubin 2.51 ± 1.55 mg/dl. N-acetylcysteine reduced aspartate aminotransferase 28.12 ± 22.21 U/L, alkaline phosphatase 11.81 ± 3.03 IU/L) and bilirubin 0.39 ± 0.18 mg/dl
Conclusion: Hypoglycemia caused hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress and potentiates the toxicity of ketoconazole. N-acetylcysteine partly reverse this hepatotoxicity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T23:57:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-db2be86c70ac4b4fb2fd7f4c82de88a1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0253-0759 2413-4414 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T23:57:27Z |
| publishDate | 2015-06-01 |
| publisher | University of Basrah |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Medical Journal of Basrah University |
| spelling | doaj.art-db2be86c70ac4b4fb2fd7f4c82de88a12022-12-22T03:11:28ZengUniversity of BasrahThe Medical Journal of Basrah University0253-07592413-44142015-06-01331172310.33762/mjbu.2015.103870103870The Effect of Insulin induced Hypoglycemia on ketoconazole Hepatototxicity in RabbitNabeel A.J.AliRiyad H. Zayer AnaedBackground: Hypoglycemia is one of the most common side effect of insulin treatment, it affect liver and can potentiate ketoconazole toxicity. Objectives: To measure effect of ketoconazole on liver enzymes, hypoglycemic oxidative stress and to evaluate if N-acetylcysteine, can modulate this effect. Methods: Thirty five male rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: Group 1: (control group), Group 2:( ketoconazole), Group 3: (insulin), Group 4: ( ketoconazole+ insulin), Groups 5: (ketoconazole + insulin + N-Acetyl cysteine). Animals were sacrificed at day 3. Blood collected for measurement of liver enzymes, and total bilirubin. Malondialdehyde and glutathione were measured in serum and liver. Results: Ketoconazole increased serum and liver malondialdehyde, 0.594 ± 0.17 and 4614.49 ± 1288.00 nmol/gm. Increased aspartate aminotransferase 38.19 ± 17.29 and alkaline phosphatase 29.29 ± 10.2 U/L. Insulin increased serum malondialdehyde 0.522 ± 0.19, alkaline phosphatase 15.77 ± 6.12 U/L and bilirubin 0.56 ± 0.26 mg/dl. Ketoconazole + insulin, increased serum malondialdehyde 0.850 ± 0.16 µmol/l and bilirubin 0.77 ± 0.55 mg/dl. Ketoconazole + insulin increased serum malondialdehyde 0.850 ± 0.16 µmol/l, aspartate amino transferase 54.35 ± 18.34 U/L, alanine amino transferase, 34.74 ± 11.08 U/L, alkaline pohospahtase 30.81 ± 12.4 U/L and bilirubin 2.51 ± 1.55 mg/dl. N-acetylcysteine reduced aspartate aminotransferase 28.12 ± 22.21 U/L, alkaline phosphatase 11.81 ± 3.03 IU/L) and bilirubin 0.39 ± 0.18 mg/dl Conclusion: Hypoglycemia caused hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress and potentiates the toxicity of ketoconazole. N-acetylcysteine partly reverse this hepatotoxicity.https://mjbu.uobasrah.edu.iq/article_103870_511adeba58e5118ffa2fa5030df68561.pdfinsulinsitagliptintype |
| spellingShingle | Nabeel A.J.Ali Riyad H. Zayer Anaed The Effect of Insulin induced Hypoglycemia on ketoconazole Hepatototxicity in Rabbit The Medical Journal of Basrah University insulin sitagliptin type |
| title | The Effect of Insulin induced Hypoglycemia on ketoconazole Hepatototxicity in Rabbit |
| title_full | The Effect of Insulin induced Hypoglycemia on ketoconazole Hepatototxicity in Rabbit |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Insulin induced Hypoglycemia on ketoconazole Hepatototxicity in Rabbit |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Insulin induced Hypoglycemia on ketoconazole Hepatototxicity in Rabbit |
| title_short | The Effect of Insulin induced Hypoglycemia on ketoconazole Hepatototxicity in Rabbit |
| title_sort | effect of insulin induced hypoglycemia on ketoconazole hepatototxicity in rabbit |
| topic | insulin sitagliptin type |
| url | https://mjbu.uobasrah.edu.iq/article_103870_511adeba58e5118ffa2fa5030df68561.pdf |
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