Phenotypic Characterization of Human Monocytes following Macronutrient Intake in Healthy Humans
BackgroundThree subsets of human monocytes in circulation have been identified and their characterization is still ill-defined. Although glucose and lipid intakes have been demonstrated to exert pro-inflammatory effects on mononuclear cells (MNCs) of healthy subjects, characterization of monocytes p...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01293/full |
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| author | Awad Alshahrani Abdalmalik Bin Khunayfir Mohammed Al Rayih Hasan Al Sayed Abdullah Alsadoon Mohammed Al Dubayee Mahmoud Zahra Yousof Alrumayyan Maha Al Zayer Amre Nasr Ahmad Aljada Ahmad Aljada |
| author_facet | Awad Alshahrani Abdalmalik Bin Khunayfir Mohammed Al Rayih Hasan Al Sayed Abdullah Alsadoon Mohammed Al Dubayee Mahmoud Zahra Yousof Alrumayyan Maha Al Zayer Amre Nasr Ahmad Aljada Ahmad Aljada |
| author_sort | Awad Alshahrani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundThree subsets of human monocytes in circulation have been identified and their characterization is still ill-defined. Although glucose and lipid intakes have been demonstrated to exert pro-inflammatory effects on mononuclear cells (MNCs) of healthy subjects, characterization of monocytes phenotypes following macronutrient (glucose, protein, and lipid) intake in humans remains to be determined.MethodsThirty-six healthy, normal weight volunteers were recruited in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned into three groups, each group consisting of 12 participants. Each group drank equal calories (300 kcal) of either glucose or lipids or whey proteins. Each subject served as his own control by drinking 300 mL of water 1 week before or after the caloric intake. Baseline blood samples were drawn at 0, 1, 2, and 3-h intervals post caloric or water intakes. MNCs were isolated, and the expression levels of different cluster of differentiation (CD) markers (CD86, CD11c, CD169, CD206, CD163, CD36, CD68, CD11b, CD16, and CD14) and IL-6 were measured by RT-qPCR.ResultsEquicaloric intake of either glucose or lipids or whey proteins resulted in different monocyte phenotypes as demonstrated by changes in the expression levels of CD and polarization markers. Whey proteins intake resulted in significant mRNA upregulation in MNCs of CD68 and CD11b at 1, 2, and 3 h post intake while mRNA of IL-6 was significantly inhibited at 1 h. Lipids intake, on the other hand, resulted in mRNA upregulation of CD11b at 2 and 3 h and CD206 at 1, 2, and 3 h. There were no significant changes in the other CD markers measured (CD86, CD163, CD169, CD36, CD16, and CD14) following either whey proteins or lipids intakes. Glucose intake did not alter mRNA expression of any marker tested except CD206 at 3 h.ConclusionMacronutrient intake alters the expression levels of polarization markers in MNCs of human subjects. A distinct population of different monocytes phenotypes may result in human circulation following the intake of different macronutrients. Further studies are required to characterize the immunomodulatory effects of macronutrients intake on monocytes phenotypes and their characteristics in humans. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T23:52:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-db2d4d71905f41c5984537e0337300fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T23:52:50Z |
| publishDate | 2017-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-db2d4d71905f41c5984537e0337300fd2022-12-21T23:26:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242017-10-01810.3389/fimmu.2017.01293286945Phenotypic Characterization of Human Monocytes following Macronutrient Intake in Healthy HumansAwad Alshahrani0Abdalmalik Bin Khunayfir1Mohammed Al Rayih2Hasan Al Sayed3Abdullah Alsadoon4Mohammed Al Dubayee5Mahmoud Zahra6Yousof Alrumayyan7Maha Al Zayer8Amre Nasr9Ahmad Aljada10Ahmad Aljada11Department of Basic Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaBackgroundThree subsets of human monocytes in circulation have been identified and their characterization is still ill-defined. Although glucose and lipid intakes have been demonstrated to exert pro-inflammatory effects on mononuclear cells (MNCs) of healthy subjects, characterization of monocytes phenotypes following macronutrient (glucose, protein, and lipid) intake in humans remains to be determined.MethodsThirty-six healthy, normal weight volunteers were recruited in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned into three groups, each group consisting of 12 participants. Each group drank equal calories (300 kcal) of either glucose or lipids or whey proteins. Each subject served as his own control by drinking 300 mL of water 1 week before or after the caloric intake. Baseline blood samples were drawn at 0, 1, 2, and 3-h intervals post caloric or water intakes. MNCs were isolated, and the expression levels of different cluster of differentiation (CD) markers (CD86, CD11c, CD169, CD206, CD163, CD36, CD68, CD11b, CD16, and CD14) and IL-6 were measured by RT-qPCR.ResultsEquicaloric intake of either glucose or lipids or whey proteins resulted in different monocyte phenotypes as demonstrated by changes in the expression levels of CD and polarization markers. Whey proteins intake resulted in significant mRNA upregulation in MNCs of CD68 and CD11b at 1, 2, and 3 h post intake while mRNA of IL-6 was significantly inhibited at 1 h. Lipids intake, on the other hand, resulted in mRNA upregulation of CD11b at 2 and 3 h and CD206 at 1, 2, and 3 h. There were no significant changes in the other CD markers measured (CD86, CD163, CD169, CD36, CD16, and CD14) following either whey proteins or lipids intakes. Glucose intake did not alter mRNA expression of any marker tested except CD206 at 3 h.ConclusionMacronutrient intake alters the expression levels of polarization markers in MNCs of human subjects. A distinct population of different monocytes phenotypes may result in human circulation following the intake of different macronutrients. Further studies are required to characterize the immunomodulatory effects of macronutrients intake on monocytes phenotypes and their characteristics in humans.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01293/fullmononuclear cellsmonocyte polarizationmonocytes subsetsmacronutrient intakewhey proteins |
| spellingShingle | Awad Alshahrani Abdalmalik Bin Khunayfir Mohammed Al Rayih Hasan Al Sayed Abdullah Alsadoon Mohammed Al Dubayee Mahmoud Zahra Yousof Alrumayyan Maha Al Zayer Amre Nasr Ahmad Aljada Ahmad Aljada Phenotypic Characterization of Human Monocytes following Macronutrient Intake in Healthy Humans Frontiers in Immunology mononuclear cells monocyte polarization monocytes subsets macronutrient intake whey proteins |
| title | Phenotypic Characterization of Human Monocytes following Macronutrient Intake in Healthy Humans |
| title_full | Phenotypic Characterization of Human Monocytes following Macronutrient Intake in Healthy Humans |
| title_fullStr | Phenotypic Characterization of Human Monocytes following Macronutrient Intake in Healthy Humans |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenotypic Characterization of Human Monocytes following Macronutrient Intake in Healthy Humans |
| title_short | Phenotypic Characterization of Human Monocytes following Macronutrient Intake in Healthy Humans |
| title_sort | phenotypic characterization of human monocytes following macronutrient intake in healthy humans |
| topic | mononuclear cells monocyte polarization monocytes subsets macronutrient intake whey proteins |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01293/full |
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