Understanding the challenges to COVID-19 vaccines and treatment options, herd immunity and probability of reinfection
الملخص: على عكس الأوبئة في الماضي، شهد تفشي مرض كوفيد-19 الذي ينتقل بسرعة في جميع أنحاء العالم نهجا مختلفا تماما للضوابط والتدابير التي تم تنفيذها في جميع البلدان المتضررة. لا يزال عدم فهم الطبيعة الأساسية لتفشي المرض يجعل من كوفيد-19 تحديا لكل من ممارسي الرعاية الصحية والمجتمع العلمي. لا تزال التحد...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1658361222002220 |
| _version_ | 1797804026657505280 |
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| author | Mohammad A.I. Al-Hatamleh, MSc Mai A. Abusalah, PhD Ma'mon M. Hatmal, PhD Walhan Alshaer, PhD Suhana Ahmad, PhD Manali H. Mohd-Zahid, MSc Engku Nur Syafirah E.A. Rahman, MSc Chan Y. Yean, PhD Iskandar Z. Alias, PhD Vuk Uskoković, PhD Rohimah Mohamud, PhD |
| author_facet | Mohammad A.I. Al-Hatamleh, MSc Mai A. Abusalah, PhD Ma'mon M. Hatmal, PhD Walhan Alshaer, PhD Suhana Ahmad, PhD Manali H. Mohd-Zahid, MSc Engku Nur Syafirah E.A. Rahman, MSc Chan Y. Yean, PhD Iskandar Z. Alias, PhD Vuk Uskoković, PhD Rohimah Mohamud, PhD |
| author_sort | Mohammad A.I. Al-Hatamleh, MSc |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | الملخص: على عكس الأوبئة في الماضي، شهد تفشي مرض كوفيد-19 الذي ينتقل بسرعة في جميع أنحاء العالم نهجا مختلفا تماما للضوابط والتدابير التي تم تنفيذها في جميع البلدان المتضررة. لا يزال عدم فهم الطبيعة الأساسية لتفشي المرض يجعل من كوفيد-19 تحديا لكل من ممارسي الرعاية الصحية والمجتمع العلمي. لا تزال التحديات التي تواجه تطوير اللقاح وتقييمه، والخيارات العلاجية الحصرية، وعلاج البلازما في فترة النقاهة، ومناعة القطيع، فضلا عن ظهور العدوى مرة أخرى والمتغيرات الجديدة، هي العقبات الرئيسية أمام مكافحة كوفيد-19. تناقش هذه المراجعة هذه التحديات في إدارة كوفيد-19 بشكل مفصل وتسلط الضوء على الآليات اللازمة لمساعدتنا على فهم هذا الوباء بشكل أفضل. Abstract: Unlike pandemics in the past, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which rapidly spread worldwide, was met with a different approach to control and measures implemented across affected countries. The lack of understanding of the fundamental nature of the outbreak continues to make COVID-19 challenging to manage for both healthcare practitioners and the scientific community. Challenges to vaccine development and evaluation, current therapeutic options, convalescent plasma therapy, herd immunity, and the emergence of reinfection and new variants remain the major obstacles to combating COVID-19. This review discusses these challenges in the management of COVID-19 at length and highlights the mechanisms needed to provide better understanding of this pandemic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:29:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-db3fe48cc0d84240b60a1ec3069cb1a9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1658-3612 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:29:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-db3fe48cc0d84240b60a1ec3069cb1a92023-06-15T04:54:41ZengElsevierJournal of Taibah University Medical Sciences1658-36122023-06-01183600638Understanding the challenges to COVID-19 vaccines and treatment options, herd immunity and probability of reinfectionMohammad A.I. Al-Hatamleh, MSc0Mai A. Abusalah, PhD1Ma'mon M. Hatmal, PhD2Walhan Alshaer, PhD3Suhana Ahmad, PhD4Manali H. Mohd-Zahid, MSc5Engku Nur Syafirah E.A. Rahman, MSc6Chan Y. Yean, PhD7Iskandar Z. Alias, PhD8Vuk Uskoković, PhD9Rohimah Mohamud, PhD10Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, MalaysiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa, JordanDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, JordanCell Therapy Center (CTC), The University of Jordan, Amman, JordanDepartment of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, MalaysiaDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, MalaysiaDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, MalaysiaTardigradeNano LLC, Irvine, CA, USADepartment of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia; Corresponding address: Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia.الملخص: على عكس الأوبئة في الماضي، شهد تفشي مرض كوفيد-19 الذي ينتقل بسرعة في جميع أنحاء العالم نهجا مختلفا تماما للضوابط والتدابير التي تم تنفيذها في جميع البلدان المتضررة. لا يزال عدم فهم الطبيعة الأساسية لتفشي المرض يجعل من كوفيد-19 تحديا لكل من ممارسي الرعاية الصحية والمجتمع العلمي. لا تزال التحديات التي تواجه تطوير اللقاح وتقييمه، والخيارات العلاجية الحصرية، وعلاج البلازما في فترة النقاهة، ومناعة القطيع، فضلا عن ظهور العدوى مرة أخرى والمتغيرات الجديدة، هي العقبات الرئيسية أمام مكافحة كوفيد-19. تناقش هذه المراجعة هذه التحديات في إدارة كوفيد-19 بشكل مفصل وتسلط الضوء على الآليات اللازمة لمساعدتنا على فهم هذا الوباء بشكل أفضل. Abstract: Unlike pandemics in the past, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which rapidly spread worldwide, was met with a different approach to control and measures implemented across affected countries. The lack of understanding of the fundamental nature of the outbreak continues to make COVID-19 challenging to manage for both healthcare practitioners and the scientific community. Challenges to vaccine development and evaluation, current therapeutic options, convalescent plasma therapy, herd immunity, and the emergence of reinfection and new variants remain the major obstacles to combating COVID-19. This review discusses these challenges in the management of COVID-19 at length and highlights the mechanisms needed to provide better understanding of this pandemic.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S16583612220022202019-nCoVConvalescent plasma therapyCoronavirusHerd immunityReinfectionSARS-CoV-2 |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad A.I. Al-Hatamleh, MSc Mai A. Abusalah, PhD Ma'mon M. Hatmal, PhD Walhan Alshaer, PhD Suhana Ahmad, PhD Manali H. Mohd-Zahid, MSc Engku Nur Syafirah E.A. Rahman, MSc Chan Y. Yean, PhD Iskandar Z. Alias, PhD Vuk Uskoković, PhD Rohimah Mohamud, PhD Understanding the challenges to COVID-19 vaccines and treatment options, herd immunity and probability of reinfection Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences 2019-nCoV Convalescent plasma therapy Coronavirus Herd immunity Reinfection SARS-CoV-2 |
| title | Understanding the challenges to COVID-19 vaccines and treatment options, herd immunity and probability of reinfection |
| title_full | Understanding the challenges to COVID-19 vaccines and treatment options, herd immunity and probability of reinfection |
| title_fullStr | Understanding the challenges to COVID-19 vaccines and treatment options, herd immunity and probability of reinfection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding the challenges to COVID-19 vaccines and treatment options, herd immunity and probability of reinfection |
| title_short | Understanding the challenges to COVID-19 vaccines and treatment options, herd immunity and probability of reinfection |
| title_sort | understanding the challenges to covid 19 vaccines and treatment options herd immunity and probability of reinfection |
| topic | 2019-nCoV Convalescent plasma therapy Coronavirus Herd immunity Reinfection SARS-CoV-2 |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1658361222002220 |
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