Retrospective Study Shows That Serum Levels of Chemokine CXCL10 and Cytokine GDF15 Support a Diagnosis of Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis and Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy
The implementation of novel blood-based biomarkers is desired to reduce the diagnostic delay and burden for myositis patients. In this retrospective study, the potential of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) was explored in an established patient co...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| author | Boel De Paepe Ken R. Bracke Jan L. De Bleecker |
| author_facet | Boel De Paepe Ken R. Bracke Jan L. De Bleecker |
| author_sort | Boel De Paepe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The implementation of novel blood-based biomarkers is desired to reduce the diagnostic delay and burden for myositis patients. In this retrospective study, the potential of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) was explored in an established patient cohort diagnosed with immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM; n = 21), sporadic inclusion body myositis (IBM; n = 18), overlap myositis (OM; n = 3), dermatomyositis (DM; n = 2), and anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS; n = 1), comparing these results with healthy controls (n = 10) and patients with a hereditary neuromuscular disorder (n = 14). CXCL10 and GDF15 were quantified in sera with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunolocalized in skeletal muscle tissue. In myositis patients, serum CXCL10 levels were significantly increased 9.6-fold compared to healthy controls and 4.2-fold compared to disease controls. Mean levels of CXCL10 were 929 ± 658 pg/mL of serum in IBM and 425 ± 324 pg/mL of serum in IMNM. With the threshold set to 180 pg/mL of CXCL10, myositis patients could be differentiated from healthy and disease controls with a sensitivity of 0.80 and a specificity of 0.71. Incorporating a threshold of 300 pg/mL for GDF15 reduced false negatives to two IMNM patients only. Subsets of muscle-infiltrating immune cells expressed CXCL10, and serum levels correlated with muscle inflammation grade. We propose adding circulating CXCL10 and GDF15 to the blood-based diagnostic toolkit for myositis as a valuable patient-friendly approach. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:23:57Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:23:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-db4404fe2b4d48d69ef40e89fd4b871a2023-11-19T15:51:57ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252023-09-011310136910.3390/brainsci13101369Retrospective Study Shows That Serum Levels of Chemokine CXCL10 and Cytokine GDF15 Support a Diagnosis of Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis and Immune-Mediated Necrotizing MyopathyBoel De Paepe0Ken R. Bracke1Jan L. De Bleecker2Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumThe implementation of novel blood-based biomarkers is desired to reduce the diagnostic delay and burden for myositis patients. In this retrospective study, the potential of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) was explored in an established patient cohort diagnosed with immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM; n = 21), sporadic inclusion body myositis (IBM; n = 18), overlap myositis (OM; n = 3), dermatomyositis (DM; n = 2), and anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS; n = 1), comparing these results with healthy controls (n = 10) and patients with a hereditary neuromuscular disorder (n = 14). CXCL10 and GDF15 were quantified in sera with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunolocalized in skeletal muscle tissue. In myositis patients, serum CXCL10 levels were significantly increased 9.6-fold compared to healthy controls and 4.2-fold compared to disease controls. Mean levels of CXCL10 were 929 ± 658 pg/mL of serum in IBM and 425 ± 324 pg/mL of serum in IMNM. With the threshold set to 180 pg/mL of CXCL10, myositis patients could be differentiated from healthy and disease controls with a sensitivity of 0.80 and a specificity of 0.71. Incorporating a threshold of 300 pg/mL for GDF15 reduced false negatives to two IMNM patients only. Subsets of muscle-infiltrating immune cells expressed CXCL10, and serum levels correlated with muscle inflammation grade. We propose adding circulating CXCL10 and GDF15 to the blood-based diagnostic toolkit for myositis as a valuable patient-friendly approach.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/10/1369biomarkerC-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10growth differentiation factor 15idiopathic inflammatory myopathyimmune-mediated necrotizing myopathymyositis |
| spellingShingle | Boel De Paepe Ken R. Bracke Jan L. De Bleecker Retrospective Study Shows That Serum Levels of Chemokine CXCL10 and Cytokine GDF15 Support a Diagnosis of Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis and Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy Brain Sciences biomarker C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 growth differentiation factor 15 idiopathic inflammatory myopathy immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy myositis |
| title | Retrospective Study Shows That Serum Levels of Chemokine CXCL10 and Cytokine GDF15 Support a Diagnosis of Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis and Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy |
| title_full | Retrospective Study Shows That Serum Levels of Chemokine CXCL10 and Cytokine GDF15 Support a Diagnosis of Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis and Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy |
| title_fullStr | Retrospective Study Shows That Serum Levels of Chemokine CXCL10 and Cytokine GDF15 Support a Diagnosis of Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis and Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Retrospective Study Shows That Serum Levels of Chemokine CXCL10 and Cytokine GDF15 Support a Diagnosis of Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis and Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy |
| title_short | Retrospective Study Shows That Serum Levels of Chemokine CXCL10 and Cytokine GDF15 Support a Diagnosis of Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis and Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy |
| title_sort | retrospective study shows that serum levels of chemokine cxcl10 and cytokine gdf15 support a diagnosis of sporadic inclusion body myositis and immune mediated necrotizing myopathy |
| topic | biomarker C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 growth differentiation factor 15 idiopathic inflammatory myopathy immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy myositis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/10/1369 |
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