The Importance of Exosomal PD-L1 in Cancer Progression and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target
Binding of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) to its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) can lead to the inactivation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, which is one of the mechanisms for immune escape of tumors. Immunotherapy based on this mechanism has been applied in clinic with some rem...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/3247 |
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| author | Lingxiao Ye Zhengxin Zhu Xiaochuan Chen Haoran Zhang Jiaqi Huang Shengxian Gu Xiaoyin Zhao |
| author_facet | Lingxiao Ye Zhengxin Zhu Xiaochuan Chen Haoran Zhang Jiaqi Huang Shengxian Gu Xiaoyin Zhao |
| author_sort | Lingxiao Ye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Binding of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) to its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) can lead to the inactivation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, which is one of the mechanisms for immune escape of tumors. Immunotherapy based on this mechanism has been applied in clinic with some remaining issues such as drug resistance. Exosomal PD-L1 derived from tumor cells is considered to play a key role in mediating drug resistance. Here, the effects of various tumor-derived exosomes and tumor-derived exosomal PD-L1 on tumor progression are summarized and discussed. Researchers have found that high expression of exosomal PD-L1 can inhibit T cell activation in in vitro experiments, but the function of exosomal PD-L1 in vivo remains controversial. In addition, the circulating exosomal PD-L1 has high potential to act as an indicator to evaluate the clinical effect. Moreover, therapeutic strategy targeting exosomal PD-L1 is discussed, such as inhibiting the biogenesis or secretion of exosomes. Besides, some specific methods based on the strategy of inhibiting exosomes are concluded. Further study of exosomal PD-L1 may provide an effective and safe approach for tumor treatment, and targeting exosomal PD-L1 by inhibiting exosomes may be a potential method for tumor treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:36:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-db4619e3a3c8494bbbfc88f7eb44e790 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:36:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-db4619e3a3c8494bbbfc88f7eb44e7902023-11-22T22:53:26ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-11-011011324710.3390/cells10113247The Importance of Exosomal PD-L1 in Cancer Progression and Its Potential as a Therapeutic TargetLingxiao Ye0Zhengxin Zhu1Xiaochuan Chen2Haoran Zhang3Jiaqi Huang4Shengxian Gu5Xiaoyin Zhao6Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, ChinaLab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, ChinaLab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, ChinaLab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, ChinaLab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, ChinaLab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, ChinaLab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, ChinaBinding of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) to its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) can lead to the inactivation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, which is one of the mechanisms for immune escape of tumors. Immunotherapy based on this mechanism has been applied in clinic with some remaining issues such as drug resistance. Exosomal PD-L1 derived from tumor cells is considered to play a key role in mediating drug resistance. Here, the effects of various tumor-derived exosomes and tumor-derived exosomal PD-L1 on tumor progression are summarized and discussed. Researchers have found that high expression of exosomal PD-L1 can inhibit T cell activation in in vitro experiments, but the function of exosomal PD-L1 in vivo remains controversial. In addition, the circulating exosomal PD-L1 has high potential to act as an indicator to evaluate the clinical effect. Moreover, therapeutic strategy targeting exosomal PD-L1 is discussed, such as inhibiting the biogenesis or secretion of exosomes. Besides, some specific methods based on the strategy of inhibiting exosomes are concluded. Further study of exosomal PD-L1 may provide an effective and safe approach for tumor treatment, and targeting exosomal PD-L1 by inhibiting exosomes may be a potential method for tumor treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/3247exosomesexosomal PD-L1tumor progressiontherapeutic strategy |
| spellingShingle | Lingxiao Ye Zhengxin Zhu Xiaochuan Chen Haoran Zhang Jiaqi Huang Shengxian Gu Xiaoyin Zhao The Importance of Exosomal PD-L1 in Cancer Progression and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target Cells exosomes exosomal PD-L1 tumor progression therapeutic strategy |
| title | The Importance of Exosomal PD-L1 in Cancer Progression and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target |
| title_full | The Importance of Exosomal PD-L1 in Cancer Progression and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target |
| title_fullStr | The Importance of Exosomal PD-L1 in Cancer Progression and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Importance of Exosomal PD-L1 in Cancer Progression and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target |
| title_short | The Importance of Exosomal PD-L1 in Cancer Progression and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target |
| title_sort | importance of exosomal pd l1 in cancer progression and its potential as a therapeutic target |
| topic | exosomes exosomal PD-L1 tumor progression therapeutic strategy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/3247 |
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