Continuous Production of Galacto-Oligosaccharides by an Enzyme Membrane Reactor Utilizing Free Enzymes
Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are prebiotic compounds widely used for their health-promoting effects. Conventionally, GOS is produced by the enzymatic conversion of lactose in stirred tank reactors (STR). The high operational costs associated with enzyme inactivation and removal might be reduced by...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/10/9/203 |
| _version_ | 1797555355996127232 |
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| author | Teng Cao Melinda Pázmándi Ildikó Galambos Zoltán Kovács |
| author_facet | Teng Cao Melinda Pázmándi Ildikó Galambos Zoltán Kovács |
| author_sort | Teng Cao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are prebiotic compounds widely used for their health-promoting effects. Conventionally, GOS is produced by the enzymatic conversion of lactose in stirred tank reactors (STR). The high operational costs associated with enzyme inactivation and removal might be reduced by the application of enzyme membrane reactors (EMR). In this study, we aimed to assess the potential of continuous GOS production by EMR using soluble Biolacta N5, a <i>Bacillus circulans</i>-derived commercial enzyme preparation. The steady-state performance of the EMR equipped with an ultrafiltration module was investigated as function of residence time (1.1–2.8 h) and enzyme load (17–190 U·g<sup>−1</sup>) under fixed operational settings of temperature (50 °C), pH (6.0), lactose feed concentration (300 g·kg<sup>−1</sup>), and recirculation flow-rate (0.18 m<sup>3</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>). Results indicate that the yield of oligosaccharides with higher degree of polymerization (DP3-6) in STR (approx. 38% on total carbohydrate basis) exceeds that measured in EMR (ranging from 24% to 33%). However, a stable catalytic performance without a significant deterioration in product quality was observed when operating the EMR for an extended period of time (>120 h). Approx. 1.4 kg of DP3-6 was produced per one gram of crude enzyme preparation over the long-term campaigns, indicating that EMR efficiently recovers enzyme activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:46:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-db514f870b4147cc8fc155ad652ed4a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:46:16Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-db514f870b4147cc8fc155ad652ed4a02023-11-20T11:37:22ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752020-08-0110920310.3390/membranes10090203Continuous Production of Galacto-Oligosaccharides by an Enzyme Membrane Reactor Utilizing Free EnzymesTeng Cao0Melinda Pázmándi1Ildikó Galambos2Zoltán Kovács3Department of Food Engineering, Szent István University, 1118 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Food Engineering, Szent István University, 1118 Budapest, HungarySoós Ernő Water Technology Research and Development Center, University of Pannonia, 8200 Nagykanizsa, HungaryDepartment of Food Engineering, Szent István University, 1118 Budapest, HungaryGalacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are prebiotic compounds widely used for their health-promoting effects. Conventionally, GOS is produced by the enzymatic conversion of lactose in stirred tank reactors (STR). The high operational costs associated with enzyme inactivation and removal might be reduced by the application of enzyme membrane reactors (EMR). In this study, we aimed to assess the potential of continuous GOS production by EMR using soluble Biolacta N5, a <i>Bacillus circulans</i>-derived commercial enzyme preparation. The steady-state performance of the EMR equipped with an ultrafiltration module was investigated as function of residence time (1.1–2.8 h) and enzyme load (17–190 U·g<sup>−1</sup>) under fixed operational settings of temperature (50 °C), pH (6.0), lactose feed concentration (300 g·kg<sup>−1</sup>), and recirculation flow-rate (0.18 m<sup>3</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>). Results indicate that the yield of oligosaccharides with higher degree of polymerization (DP3-6) in STR (approx. 38% on total carbohydrate basis) exceeds that measured in EMR (ranging from 24% to 33%). However, a stable catalytic performance without a significant deterioration in product quality was observed when operating the EMR for an extended period of time (>120 h). Approx. 1.4 kg of DP3-6 was produced per one gram of crude enzyme preparation over the long-term campaigns, indicating that EMR efficiently recovers enzyme activity.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/10/9/203galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS)ultrafiltration (UF)enzyme membrane reactor (EMR)operational stabilitylactoseprebiotics |
| spellingShingle | Teng Cao Melinda Pázmándi Ildikó Galambos Zoltán Kovács Continuous Production of Galacto-Oligosaccharides by an Enzyme Membrane Reactor Utilizing Free Enzymes Membranes galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) ultrafiltration (UF) enzyme membrane reactor (EMR) operational stability lactose prebiotics |
| title | Continuous Production of Galacto-Oligosaccharides by an Enzyme Membrane Reactor Utilizing Free Enzymes |
| title_full | Continuous Production of Galacto-Oligosaccharides by an Enzyme Membrane Reactor Utilizing Free Enzymes |
| title_fullStr | Continuous Production of Galacto-Oligosaccharides by an Enzyme Membrane Reactor Utilizing Free Enzymes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Continuous Production of Galacto-Oligosaccharides by an Enzyme Membrane Reactor Utilizing Free Enzymes |
| title_short | Continuous Production of Galacto-Oligosaccharides by an Enzyme Membrane Reactor Utilizing Free Enzymes |
| title_sort | continuous production of galacto oligosaccharides by an enzyme membrane reactor utilizing free enzymes |
| topic | galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) ultrafiltration (UF) enzyme membrane reactor (EMR) operational stability lactose prebiotics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/10/9/203 |
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