Short-term high-fat diet alters the mouse brain magnetic resonance imaging parameters consistently with neuroinflammation on males and metabolic rearrangements on females. A pre-clinical study with an optimized selection of linear mixed-effects models
IntroductionHigh-fat diet (HFD) consumption is known to trigger an inflammatory response in the brain that prompts the dysregulation of energy balance, leads to insulin and leptin resistance, and ultimately obesity. Obesity, at the same, has been related to cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.1025108/full |
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| author | Basilio Willem Campillo David Galguera Sebastian Cerdan Pilar López-Larrubia Blanca Lizarbe Blanca Lizarbe |
| author_facet | Basilio Willem Campillo David Galguera Sebastian Cerdan Pilar López-Larrubia Blanca Lizarbe Blanca Lizarbe |
| author_sort | Basilio Willem Campillo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionHigh-fat diet (HFD) consumption is known to trigger an inflammatory response in the brain that prompts the dysregulation of energy balance, leads to insulin and leptin resistance, and ultimately obesity. Obesity, at the same, has been related to cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alterations, but the onset of HFD-induced neuroinflammation, however, has been principally reported on male rodents and by ex vivo methods, with the effects on females and the origin of MRI changes remaining unassessed.MethodsWe characterized the onset and evolution of obesity on male and female mice during standard or HFD administration by physiological markers and multiparametric MRI on four cerebral regions involved in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. We investigated the effects of diet, time under diet, brain region and sex by identifying their significant contributions to sequential linear mixed-effects models, and obtained their regional neurochemical profiles by high-resolution magic angle spinning spectroscopy.ResultsMale mice developed an obese phenotype paralleled by fast increases in magnetization transfer ratio values, while females delayed the obesity progress and showed no MRI-signs of cerebral inflammation, but larger metabolic rearrangements on the neurochemical profile.DiscussionOur study reveals early MRI-detectable changes compatible with the development of HFD-induced cerebral cytotoxic inflammation on males but suggest the existence of compensatory metabolic adaptations on females that preclude the corresponding detection of MRI alterations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:48:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-db64da262d814fdfb3ebe7c94e03c54c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:48:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-db64da262d814fdfb3ebe7c94e03c54c2022-12-22T03:47:25ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2022-11-011610.3389/fnins.2022.10251081025108Short-term high-fat diet alters the mouse brain magnetic resonance imaging parameters consistently with neuroinflammation on males and metabolic rearrangements on females. A pre-clinical study with an optimized selection of linear mixed-effects modelsBasilio Willem Campillo0David Galguera1Sebastian Cerdan2Pilar López-Larrubia3Blanca Lizarbe4Blanca Lizarbe5Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBm), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, SpainInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBm), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, SpainInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBm), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, SpainInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBm), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, SpainInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBm), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, SpainDepartamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, SpainIntroductionHigh-fat diet (HFD) consumption is known to trigger an inflammatory response in the brain that prompts the dysregulation of energy balance, leads to insulin and leptin resistance, and ultimately obesity. Obesity, at the same, has been related to cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alterations, but the onset of HFD-induced neuroinflammation, however, has been principally reported on male rodents and by ex vivo methods, with the effects on females and the origin of MRI changes remaining unassessed.MethodsWe characterized the onset and evolution of obesity on male and female mice during standard or HFD administration by physiological markers and multiparametric MRI on four cerebral regions involved in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. We investigated the effects of diet, time under diet, brain region and sex by identifying their significant contributions to sequential linear mixed-effects models, and obtained their regional neurochemical profiles by high-resolution magic angle spinning spectroscopy.ResultsMale mice developed an obese phenotype paralleled by fast increases in magnetization transfer ratio values, while females delayed the obesity progress and showed no MRI-signs of cerebral inflammation, but larger metabolic rearrangements on the neurochemical profile.DiscussionOur study reveals early MRI-detectable changes compatible with the development of HFD-induced cerebral cytotoxic inflammation on males but suggest the existence of compensatory metabolic adaptations on females that preclude the corresponding detection of MRI alterations.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.1025108/fullhigh-fat dietsexual dimorphismMRIobesityinflammationbrain |
| spellingShingle | Basilio Willem Campillo David Galguera Sebastian Cerdan Pilar López-Larrubia Blanca Lizarbe Blanca Lizarbe Short-term high-fat diet alters the mouse brain magnetic resonance imaging parameters consistently with neuroinflammation on males and metabolic rearrangements on females. A pre-clinical study with an optimized selection of linear mixed-effects models Frontiers in Neuroscience high-fat diet sexual dimorphism MRI obesity inflammation brain |
| title | Short-term high-fat diet alters the mouse brain magnetic resonance imaging parameters consistently with neuroinflammation on males and metabolic rearrangements on females. A pre-clinical study with an optimized selection of linear mixed-effects models |
| title_full | Short-term high-fat diet alters the mouse brain magnetic resonance imaging parameters consistently with neuroinflammation on males and metabolic rearrangements on females. A pre-clinical study with an optimized selection of linear mixed-effects models |
| title_fullStr | Short-term high-fat diet alters the mouse brain magnetic resonance imaging parameters consistently with neuroinflammation on males and metabolic rearrangements on females. A pre-clinical study with an optimized selection of linear mixed-effects models |
| title_full_unstemmed | Short-term high-fat diet alters the mouse brain magnetic resonance imaging parameters consistently with neuroinflammation on males and metabolic rearrangements on females. A pre-clinical study with an optimized selection of linear mixed-effects models |
| title_short | Short-term high-fat diet alters the mouse brain magnetic resonance imaging parameters consistently with neuroinflammation on males and metabolic rearrangements on females. A pre-clinical study with an optimized selection of linear mixed-effects models |
| title_sort | short term high fat diet alters the mouse brain magnetic resonance imaging parameters consistently with neuroinflammation on males and metabolic rearrangements on females a pre clinical study with an optimized selection of linear mixed effects models |
| topic | high-fat diet sexual dimorphism MRI obesity inflammation brain |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.1025108/full |
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