Cross-Sectional Study on the Prevalence of PCV Types 2 and 3 DNA in Suckling Piglets Compared to Grow–Finish Pigs in Downstream Production
Vertical transmission is a consistently discussed pathway of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) transmission in pigs. To evaluate the presence of PCV2 and PCV3 in piglets, we collected tissue samples from 185 piglets that were crushed within the first week of life...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/6/671 |
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| author | Matthias Eddicks Roland Maurer Pauline Deffner Lina Eddicks Wolfgang Sipos Sven Reese Vojislav Cvjetković Roman Krejci Tanja Opriessnig Mathias Ritzmann Robert Fux |
| author_facet | Matthias Eddicks Roland Maurer Pauline Deffner Lina Eddicks Wolfgang Sipos Sven Reese Vojislav Cvjetković Roman Krejci Tanja Opriessnig Mathias Ritzmann Robert Fux |
| author_sort | Matthias Eddicks |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vertical transmission is a consistently discussed pathway of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) transmission in pigs. To evaluate the presence of PCV2 and PCV3 in piglets, we collected tissue samples from 185 piglets that were crushed within the first week of life from 16 farms located in Germany and Austria. Pooled samples consisting of thymus, inguinal lymph node, myocardium, lung and spleen were examined for PCV2 and PCV3 by qPCR. Furthermore, oral fluid samples (OFS) from grow–finish pigs were collected and examined the same way. In piglets, PCV2 was highly prevalent (litters: 69.4%; piglets: 61.6%), whereas PCV3 prevalence was low (litters: 13.4%; piglets: 13.0%). In total, 72.6% and 67.2% of all collected OFS were PCV2 or PCV3 positive, respectively. Sow vaccination against PCV2 was identified as a protective factor concerning PCV2 in piglets (OR: 0.279; CI: 0.134–0.578; <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccination of sows was identified as a protective factor concerning PCV3 in piglets (OR: 0.252 CI: 0.104–0.610; <i>p</i> = 0.002). Our results show that PCV2, but not PCV3, is ubiquitous in suckling piglets and that early PCV3 infections might be modulated by PRRSV–PCV3 interaction. However, the ubiquitous nature of both viruses in older pigs could be confirmed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:48:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-db7b7b569b2244f7b45fc5687849cdcf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:48:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-db7b7b569b2244f7b45fc5687849cdcf2023-11-23T18:25:02ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-06-0111667110.3390/pathogens11060671Cross-Sectional Study on the Prevalence of PCV Types 2 and 3 DNA in Suckling Piglets Compared to Grow–Finish Pigs in Downstream ProductionMatthias Eddicks0Roland Maurer1Pauline Deffner2Lina Eddicks3Wolfgang Sipos4Sven Reese5Vojislav Cvjetković6Roman Krejci7Tanja Opriessnig8Mathias Ritzmann9Robert Fux10Clinic for Swine at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85764 Oberschleissheim, GermanyClinic for Swine at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85764 Oberschleissheim, GermanyClinic for Swine at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85764 Oberschleissheim, GermanyInstitute of Veterinary Pathology at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 Munich, GermanyClinical Department for Farm Animals and Herd Management, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, AustriaInstitute for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 Munich, GermanyCeva Tiergesundheit GmbH, 40472 Duesseldorf, GermanyCeva Santé Animale, 33500 Libourne, FranceThe Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UKClinic for Swine at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 85764 Oberschleissheim, GermanyDivision of Virology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 Munich, GermanyVertical transmission is a consistently discussed pathway of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) transmission in pigs. To evaluate the presence of PCV2 and PCV3 in piglets, we collected tissue samples from 185 piglets that were crushed within the first week of life from 16 farms located in Germany and Austria. Pooled samples consisting of thymus, inguinal lymph node, myocardium, lung and spleen were examined for PCV2 and PCV3 by qPCR. Furthermore, oral fluid samples (OFS) from grow–finish pigs were collected and examined the same way. In piglets, PCV2 was highly prevalent (litters: 69.4%; piglets: 61.6%), whereas PCV3 prevalence was low (litters: 13.4%; piglets: 13.0%). In total, 72.6% and 67.2% of all collected OFS were PCV2 or PCV3 positive, respectively. Sow vaccination against PCV2 was identified as a protective factor concerning PCV2 in piglets (OR: 0.279; CI: 0.134–0.578; <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccination of sows was identified as a protective factor concerning PCV3 in piglets (OR: 0.252 CI: 0.104–0.610; <i>p</i> = 0.002). Our results show that PCV2, but not PCV3, is ubiquitous in suckling piglets and that early PCV3 infections might be modulated by PRRSV–PCV3 interaction. However, the ubiquitous nature of both viruses in older pigs could be confirmed.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/6/671porcine circovirusesoral fluidssuckling pigletstissue samples |
| spellingShingle | Matthias Eddicks Roland Maurer Pauline Deffner Lina Eddicks Wolfgang Sipos Sven Reese Vojislav Cvjetković Roman Krejci Tanja Opriessnig Mathias Ritzmann Robert Fux Cross-Sectional Study on the Prevalence of PCV Types 2 and 3 DNA in Suckling Piglets Compared to Grow–Finish Pigs in Downstream Production Pathogens porcine circoviruses oral fluids suckling piglets tissue samples |
| title | Cross-Sectional Study on the Prevalence of PCV Types 2 and 3 DNA in Suckling Piglets Compared to Grow–Finish Pigs in Downstream Production |
| title_full | Cross-Sectional Study on the Prevalence of PCV Types 2 and 3 DNA in Suckling Piglets Compared to Grow–Finish Pigs in Downstream Production |
| title_fullStr | Cross-Sectional Study on the Prevalence of PCV Types 2 and 3 DNA in Suckling Piglets Compared to Grow–Finish Pigs in Downstream Production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cross-Sectional Study on the Prevalence of PCV Types 2 and 3 DNA in Suckling Piglets Compared to Grow–Finish Pigs in Downstream Production |
| title_short | Cross-Sectional Study on the Prevalence of PCV Types 2 and 3 DNA in Suckling Piglets Compared to Grow–Finish Pigs in Downstream Production |
| title_sort | cross sectional study on the prevalence of pcv types 2 and 3 dna in suckling piglets compared to grow finish pigs in downstream production |
| topic | porcine circoviruses oral fluids suckling piglets tissue samples |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/6/671 |
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