The Synthesis of Secondary Iron Minerals Induced by Quartz Sand during the Bioleaching Process Improves the Dewaterability of Municipal Sewage Sludge
This study elucidated the mechanisms during the bioleaching process when optimizing the dewaterability of municipal sludge using quartz sand. The experiment was conducted with a shaking table and a series of controlled trials designed to investigate the influence of quartz sand on sludge dewaterabil...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Minerals |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/8/10/419 |
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| author | Yingying Ma Heru Wang Yongwei Song Yiqian Wu Zehao Guo |
| author_facet | Yingying Ma Heru Wang Yongwei Song Yiqian Wu Zehao Guo |
| author_sort | Yingying Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study elucidated the mechanisms during the bioleaching process when optimizing the dewaterability of municipal sludge using quartz sand. The experiment was conducted with a shaking table and a series of controlled trials designed to investigate the influence of quartz sand on sludge dewaterability. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were applied to explore the quartz sand’s action mechanism. Results indicated that quartz sand could improve the sludge bioleaching efficiency. The optimal reaction time was between 24–48 h and 48–72 h with and without 10 g·L−1 of quartz sand, and a minimum sludge specific resistance to filtration was 1.2 × 1012 and 2.4 × 1012 m·kg−1, respectively. Quartz sand could provide nucleating sites for secondary iron minerals and overcome the unfavorable influence of a low Fe3+ supply rate in the initial bioleaching stage (0–24 h). Because it was conducive to accelerating the initial mineral precipitation, quartz sand could improve bioleaching efficiency. The X-ray diffraction spectrum showed that quartz sand induced changes in the synthesis pathway of secondary iron minerals when the concentration of Fe2+ ≥ 4 g·L−1. This then promoted the transformation of schwertmannite into jarosite during the mineralization process, which immobilizes nutrients such as K+ and NH4+ in the form of jarosite. Accordingly, bioleached sludge dewaterability and its utilization value can be improved. These results provide theoretical reference for improving bioleaching techniques in the treatment of municipal sludge. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:02:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-db7f52d02f914e7e9930098efd6d7cb0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-163X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:02:46Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Minerals |
| spelling | doaj.art-db7f52d02f914e7e9930098efd6d7cb02022-12-22T02:53:06ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2018-09-0181041910.3390/min8100419min8100419The Synthesis of Secondary Iron Minerals Induced by Quartz Sand during the Bioleaching Process Improves the Dewaterability of Municipal Sewage SludgeYingying Ma0Heru Wang1Yongwei Song2Yiqian Wu3Zehao Guo4Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, ChinaThis study elucidated the mechanisms during the bioleaching process when optimizing the dewaterability of municipal sludge using quartz sand. The experiment was conducted with a shaking table and a series of controlled trials designed to investigate the influence of quartz sand on sludge dewaterability. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were applied to explore the quartz sand’s action mechanism. Results indicated that quartz sand could improve the sludge bioleaching efficiency. The optimal reaction time was between 24–48 h and 48–72 h with and without 10 g·L−1 of quartz sand, and a minimum sludge specific resistance to filtration was 1.2 × 1012 and 2.4 × 1012 m·kg−1, respectively. Quartz sand could provide nucleating sites for secondary iron minerals and overcome the unfavorable influence of a low Fe3+ supply rate in the initial bioleaching stage (0–24 h). Because it was conducive to accelerating the initial mineral precipitation, quartz sand could improve bioleaching efficiency. The X-ray diffraction spectrum showed that quartz sand induced changes in the synthesis pathway of secondary iron minerals when the concentration of Fe2+ ≥ 4 g·L−1. This then promoted the transformation of schwertmannite into jarosite during the mineralization process, which immobilizes nutrients such as K+ and NH4+ in the form of jarosite. Accordingly, bioleached sludge dewaterability and its utilization value can be improved. These results provide theoretical reference for improving bioleaching techniques in the treatment of municipal sludge.http://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/8/10/419Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidansquartz sandmunicipal sewage sludgesecondary iron mineralsdewaterability |
| spellingShingle | Yingying Ma Heru Wang Yongwei Song Yiqian Wu Zehao Guo The Synthesis of Secondary Iron Minerals Induced by Quartz Sand during the Bioleaching Process Improves the Dewaterability of Municipal Sewage Sludge Minerals Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans quartz sand municipal sewage sludge secondary iron minerals dewaterability |
| title | The Synthesis of Secondary Iron Minerals Induced by Quartz Sand during the Bioleaching Process Improves the Dewaterability of Municipal Sewage Sludge |
| title_full | The Synthesis of Secondary Iron Minerals Induced by Quartz Sand during the Bioleaching Process Improves the Dewaterability of Municipal Sewage Sludge |
| title_fullStr | The Synthesis of Secondary Iron Minerals Induced by Quartz Sand during the Bioleaching Process Improves the Dewaterability of Municipal Sewage Sludge |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Synthesis of Secondary Iron Minerals Induced by Quartz Sand during the Bioleaching Process Improves the Dewaterability of Municipal Sewage Sludge |
| title_short | The Synthesis of Secondary Iron Minerals Induced by Quartz Sand during the Bioleaching Process Improves the Dewaterability of Municipal Sewage Sludge |
| title_sort | synthesis of secondary iron minerals induced by quartz sand during the bioleaching process improves the dewaterability of municipal sewage sludge |
| topic | Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans quartz sand municipal sewage sludge secondary iron minerals dewaterability |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/8/10/419 |
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