<i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb. (Fagaceae) and Its Component, Isoquercitrin, Inhibit HSV-1 Replication by Suppressing Virus-Induced ROS Production and NF-κB Activation
HSV-1 is a neurotropic virus that replicates lytically during acute infection and establishes latency in peripheral neurons. Currently, the clinically approved compounds for the prevention of HSV-1 infection include acyclovir and penciclovir; however, long-term use of the drug is associated with ser...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-10-01
|
| Series: | Antioxidants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/10/1638 |
| _version_ | 1797515457668841472 |
|---|---|
| author | Buyun Kim Young Soo Kim Youn-Hwan Hwang Hye Jin Yang Wei Li Eun-Bin Kwon Tae In Kim Younghoon Go Jang-Gi Choi |
| author_facet | Buyun Kim Young Soo Kim Youn-Hwan Hwang Hye Jin Yang Wei Li Eun-Bin Kwon Tae In Kim Younghoon Go Jang-Gi Choi |
| author_sort | Buyun Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | HSV-1 is a neurotropic virus that replicates lytically during acute infection and establishes latency in peripheral neurons. Currently, the clinically approved compounds for the prevention of HSV-1 infection include acyclovir and penciclovir; however, long-term use of the drug is associated with serious side effects, and drug-resistant strains often appear. Therefore, it is important to find a safe and novel antiviral agent for HSV-1 infection. <i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb. (Fagaceae) (QA) is widely distributed as an ornamental and dietary plant in Korea, Taiwan, China, and Japan. Thus far, the effects of QA extract and its active ingredients are known to have antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activity, but studies of possible antiviral effects have not been reported. We studied the antiviral effects and molecular mechanism of QA after HSV-1 infection at the cellular level. We confirmed that QA suppresses ROS expression after HSV-1 infection and also suppresses inflammatory cytokine expression through inhibition of NF-кB activity. In addition, we found that QA increases the phosphorylation activity of IRF3 through induction of TBK1 activity during HSV-1 infection. QA exhibits an antiviral effect, and we confirmed through UPLC-DAD-mass spectrometer (MS)/MS analysis that it contains five main components: catechin, chlorogenic acid, fraxin, isoquercitrin, and taxifolin. Of these, isoquercitrin was confirmed to exhibit an antiviral effect on SK-N-SH cells through ICP27 inhibition. Overall, our results suggest that QA is a novel inhibitor with antiviral effects against HSV-1 infection and may be used specifically to prevent and treat of herpes simplex virus encephalitis infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:45:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-db9e458825474455abdc126a70148079 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:45:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-db9e458825474455abdc126a701480792023-11-22T17:17:09ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212021-10-011010163810.3390/antiox10101638<i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb. (Fagaceae) and Its Component, Isoquercitrin, Inhibit HSV-1 Replication by Suppressing Virus-Induced ROS Production and NF-κB ActivationBuyun Kim0Young Soo Kim1Youn-Hwan Hwang2Hye Jin Yang3Wei Li4Eun-Bin Kwon5Tae In Kim6Younghoon Go7Jang-Gi Choi8Korean Medicine (K.M.) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (K.I.O.M.), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, KoreaKorean Medicine (K.M.) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (K.I.O.M.), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, KoreaKorean Medicine (K.M.) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (K.I.O.M.), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, KoreaKorean Medicine (K.M.) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (K.I.O.M.), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, KoreaKorean Medicine (K.M.) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (K.I.O.M.), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, KoreaKorean Medicine (K.M.) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (K.I.O.M.), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, KoreaKorean Medicine (K.M.) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (K.I.O.M.), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, KoreaKorean Medicine (K.M.) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (K.I.O.M.), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, KoreaKorean Medicine (K.M.) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (K.I.O.M.), Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, KoreaHSV-1 is a neurotropic virus that replicates lytically during acute infection and establishes latency in peripheral neurons. Currently, the clinically approved compounds for the prevention of HSV-1 infection include acyclovir and penciclovir; however, long-term use of the drug is associated with serious side effects, and drug-resistant strains often appear. Therefore, it is important to find a safe and novel antiviral agent for HSV-1 infection. <i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb. (Fagaceae) (QA) is widely distributed as an ornamental and dietary plant in Korea, Taiwan, China, and Japan. Thus far, the effects of QA extract and its active ingredients are known to have antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activity, but studies of possible antiviral effects have not been reported. We studied the antiviral effects and molecular mechanism of QA after HSV-1 infection at the cellular level. We confirmed that QA suppresses ROS expression after HSV-1 infection and also suppresses inflammatory cytokine expression through inhibition of NF-кB activity. In addition, we found that QA increases the phosphorylation activity of IRF3 through induction of TBK1 activity during HSV-1 infection. QA exhibits an antiviral effect, and we confirmed through UPLC-DAD-mass spectrometer (MS)/MS analysis that it contains five main components: catechin, chlorogenic acid, fraxin, isoquercitrin, and taxifolin. Of these, isoquercitrin was confirmed to exhibit an antiviral effect on SK-N-SH cells through ICP27 inhibition. Overall, our results suggest that QA is a novel inhibitor with antiviral effects against HSV-1 infection and may be used specifically to prevent and treat of herpes simplex virus encephalitis infection.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/10/1638HSV-1<i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb.isoquercitrinROSNF-κBICP27 |
| spellingShingle | Buyun Kim Young Soo Kim Youn-Hwan Hwang Hye Jin Yang Wei Li Eun-Bin Kwon Tae In Kim Younghoon Go Jang-Gi Choi <i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb. (Fagaceae) and Its Component, Isoquercitrin, Inhibit HSV-1 Replication by Suppressing Virus-Induced ROS Production and NF-κB Activation Antioxidants HSV-1 <i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb. isoquercitrin ROS NF-κB ICP27 |
| title | <i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb. (Fagaceae) and Its Component, Isoquercitrin, Inhibit HSV-1 Replication by Suppressing Virus-Induced ROS Production and NF-κB Activation |
| title_full | <i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb. (Fagaceae) and Its Component, Isoquercitrin, Inhibit HSV-1 Replication by Suppressing Virus-Induced ROS Production and NF-κB Activation |
| title_fullStr | <i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb. (Fagaceae) and Its Component, Isoquercitrin, Inhibit HSV-1 Replication by Suppressing Virus-Induced ROS Production and NF-κB Activation |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb. (Fagaceae) and Its Component, Isoquercitrin, Inhibit HSV-1 Replication by Suppressing Virus-Induced ROS Production and NF-κB Activation |
| title_short | <i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb. (Fagaceae) and Its Component, Isoquercitrin, Inhibit HSV-1 Replication by Suppressing Virus-Induced ROS Production and NF-κB Activation |
| title_sort | i quercus acuta i thunb fagaceae and its component isoquercitrin inhibit hsv 1 replication by suppressing virus induced ros production and nf κb activation |
| topic | HSV-1 <i>Quercus acuta</i> Thunb. isoquercitrin ROS NF-κB ICP27 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/10/1638 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT buyunkim iquercusacutaithunbfagaceaeanditscomponentisoquercitrininhibithsv1replicationbysuppressingvirusinducedrosproductionandnfkbactivation AT youngsookim iquercusacutaithunbfagaceaeanditscomponentisoquercitrininhibithsv1replicationbysuppressingvirusinducedrosproductionandnfkbactivation AT younhwanhwang iquercusacutaithunbfagaceaeanditscomponentisoquercitrininhibithsv1replicationbysuppressingvirusinducedrosproductionandnfkbactivation AT hyejinyang iquercusacutaithunbfagaceaeanditscomponentisoquercitrininhibithsv1replicationbysuppressingvirusinducedrosproductionandnfkbactivation AT weili iquercusacutaithunbfagaceaeanditscomponentisoquercitrininhibithsv1replicationbysuppressingvirusinducedrosproductionandnfkbactivation AT eunbinkwon iquercusacutaithunbfagaceaeanditscomponentisoquercitrininhibithsv1replicationbysuppressingvirusinducedrosproductionandnfkbactivation AT taeinkim iquercusacutaithunbfagaceaeanditscomponentisoquercitrininhibithsv1replicationbysuppressingvirusinducedrosproductionandnfkbactivation AT younghoongo iquercusacutaithunbfagaceaeanditscomponentisoquercitrininhibithsv1replicationbysuppressingvirusinducedrosproductionandnfkbactivation AT janggichoi iquercusacutaithunbfagaceaeanditscomponentisoquercitrininhibithsv1replicationbysuppressingvirusinducedrosproductionandnfkbactivation |