| Tóm tắt: | The cultivation of <i>Plectonema terebrans</i> BERC10 in wastewater and integrating the wastewater-derived biomass followed by its processing for multiple products in a biorefinery could help in achieving environmental sustainability and cost effectiveness. This study evaluated the resource recovery potential of the cyanobacterium <i>Plectonema terebrans</i> BERC10 from urban wastewater followed by the cascading processing of the biomass into multiple bioproducts. The annual biomass productivity ranged from 0.035–0.064 gL<sup>−1</sup>d<sup>−1</sup> and contained 40–46% lipids and 20–38% protein. The cascading processing of the biomass resulted in multiple products, including 53 mgg<sup>−1</sup> of high-value pigments and high-quality biodiesel in accordance with American and European standards. The pigment-free and de-fatted residual biomass was used as a sole feedstock (30–70 gL<sup>−1</sup>) to produce enzymes and mycoproteins via fungal fermentation employing <i>Aspergillus niger</i> and <i>Aspergillus oryzae.</i> Interestingly, <i>A. oryzae</i> produced 28 UmL<sup>−1</sup> of α-amylase and the final residues were mycoproteins after 96 h. Furthermore, the strain removed 80–90% of total phosphorous, 90–99% of total nitrogen, and significantly lowered the COD, BOD, and TDS of urban wastewater. The data demonstrated that <i>P. terebrans</i> has substantial potential for resource recovery and could become a candidate for a wastewater-derived algal biorefinery.
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