Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Retromode is a relatively new retinal-imaging technique that is based on the transillumination principle and is obtained with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope that uses light in the infrared spectrum. The laser light penetrates into the deep retinal layer...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-03-01
|
| Series: | Medicina |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/4/647 |
| _version_ | 1797604488236761088 |
|---|---|
| author | Antonia-Elena Ranetti Horia Tudor Stanca Bogdana Tăbăcaru Adrian Teodoru Mihnea Munteanu Simona Stanca |
| author_facet | Antonia-Elena Ranetti Horia Tudor Stanca Bogdana Tăbăcaru Adrian Teodoru Mihnea Munteanu Simona Stanca |
| author_sort | Antonia-Elena Ranetti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: Retromode is a relatively new retinal-imaging technique that is based on the transillumination principle and is obtained with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope that uses light in the infrared spectrum. The laser light penetrates into the deep retinal layers and the choroid. Retromode images are captured with a laterally displaced aperture, and the detector captures only the scattered light. The result is a high-contrast pseudo-three-dimensional image. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disabling retinal disease. AMD is characterized in its early stage by small and intermediate drusen formation, while the signs of intermediate AMD are large drusen and/or pigmentary abnormalities. Late AMD has two forms, geographic atrophy, which is the advanced form of dry AMD, and wet AMD. Most of the lesions of AMD are located in the outer layers of the retina. This new imaging method can provide a glimpse of the deep retinal layers’ topographic changes in a non-invasive, fast, and effective way that can match the other imaging tools available. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: The literature review was performed by searching the PubMed database using the following combination of keywords: retromode imaging and age-related macular degeneration. Relevant images similar to the ones in the literature were identified and used as models. <i>Results</i>: The purpose of this article is to highlight the utility of incorporating retromode imaging into the multimodal evaluation of the retina in patients with AMD and to gather and integrate these findings into a brief but comprehensive paper. <i>Conclusions:</i> Retromode imaging is a good screening, diagnosis, and monitoring tool for patients with AMD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:46:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dbb43bc96b074b3e964dd55fa4dc3091 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:46:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-dbb43bc96b074b3e964dd55fa4dc30912023-11-17T20:19:54ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442023-03-0159464710.3390/medicina59040647Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular DegenerationAntonia-Elena Ranetti0Horia Tudor Stanca1Bogdana Tăbăcaru2Adrian Teodoru3Mihnea Munteanu4Simona Stanca5Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 București, RomaniaDoctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 București, RomaniaClinical Department of Ophthalmology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, RomaniaClinical Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, RomaniaDepartment of Ophthalmology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaClinical Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 București, Romania<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Retromode is a relatively new retinal-imaging technique that is based on the transillumination principle and is obtained with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope that uses light in the infrared spectrum. The laser light penetrates into the deep retinal layers and the choroid. Retromode images are captured with a laterally displaced aperture, and the detector captures only the scattered light. The result is a high-contrast pseudo-three-dimensional image. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disabling retinal disease. AMD is characterized in its early stage by small and intermediate drusen formation, while the signs of intermediate AMD are large drusen and/or pigmentary abnormalities. Late AMD has two forms, geographic atrophy, which is the advanced form of dry AMD, and wet AMD. Most of the lesions of AMD are located in the outer layers of the retina. This new imaging method can provide a glimpse of the deep retinal layers’ topographic changes in a non-invasive, fast, and effective way that can match the other imaging tools available. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: The literature review was performed by searching the PubMed database using the following combination of keywords: retromode imaging and age-related macular degeneration. Relevant images similar to the ones in the literature were identified and used as models. <i>Results</i>: The purpose of this article is to highlight the utility of incorporating retromode imaging into the multimodal evaluation of the retina in patients with AMD and to gather and integrate these findings into a brief but comprehensive paper. <i>Conclusions:</i> Retromode imaging is a good screening, diagnosis, and monitoring tool for patients with AMD.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/4/647age-related macular degenerationretromode imagingpseudo-three-dimensionalscanning laser ophthalmoscopemultimodal imaging |
| spellingShingle | Antonia-Elena Ranetti Horia Tudor Stanca Bogdana Tăbăcaru Adrian Teodoru Mihnea Munteanu Simona Stanca Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Medicina age-related macular degeneration retromode imaging pseudo-three-dimensional scanning laser ophthalmoscope multimodal imaging |
| title | Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| title_full | Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| title_fullStr | Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| title_short | Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| title_sort | retromode imaging in age related macular degeneration |
| topic | age-related macular degeneration retromode imaging pseudo-three-dimensional scanning laser ophthalmoscope multimodal imaging |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/59/4/647 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT antoniaelenaranetti retromodeimaginginagerelatedmaculardegeneration AT horiatudorstanca retromodeimaginginagerelatedmaculardegeneration AT bogdanatabacaru retromodeimaginginagerelatedmaculardegeneration AT adrianteodoru retromodeimaginginagerelatedmaculardegeneration AT mihneamunteanu retromodeimaginginagerelatedmaculardegeneration AT simonastanca retromodeimaginginagerelatedmaculardegeneration |