Evidence of peripheral olfactory impairment in the domestic silkworms: insight from the comparative transcriptome and population genetics
Abstract Background The insect olfactory system is a highly specific and sensitive chemical detector, which plays important roles in feeding, mating and finding an appropriate oviposition site. The ecological niche of Bombyx mori has changed greatly since domestication from B. mandarina, and its olf...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Genomics |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12864-018-5172-1 |
| _version_ | 1818029758369234944 |
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| author | Chuan-Zhen Qiu Qiu-Zhong Zhou Ting-Ting Liu Shou-Min Fang Ya-Wang Wang Xin Fang Chun-Li Huang Quan-You Yu Chun-Hong Chen Ze Zhang |
| author_facet | Chuan-Zhen Qiu Qiu-Zhong Zhou Ting-Ting Liu Shou-Min Fang Ya-Wang Wang Xin Fang Chun-Li Huang Quan-You Yu Chun-Hong Chen Ze Zhang |
| author_sort | Chuan-Zhen Qiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The insect olfactory system is a highly specific and sensitive chemical detector, which plays important roles in feeding, mating and finding an appropriate oviposition site. The ecological niche of Bombyx mori has changed greatly since domestication from B. mandarina, and its olfactory response to environmental odorants clearly decreased. However, the mechanisms that result in the olfactory impairment are largely unknown. Results The antennal transcriptomes were compared between the domestic and wild silkworms. Comparison of the same sex between the domestic and wild silkworms revealed 1410 and 1173 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in males and females, respectively. To understand the olfactory impairment, we mainly focused on the olfactory-related genes. In total, 30 olfactory genes and 19 odorant-degrading enzymes (ODEs) showed differential expression in the two comparisons, in which 19 and 14 were down-regulated in the domestic silkworm, respectively. Based on population genomic data, the down-regulated odorant receptors (ORs) showed a higher ratio of unique non-synonymous polymorphisms to synonymous polymorphisms (N/S ratio) in the domestic populations than that in the wild silkworms. Furthermore, one deleterious mutation was found in OR30 of the domestic population, which was located in transmembrane helix 6 (TM6). Conclusions Our results suggested that down-regulation of the olfactory-related genes and relaxed selection might be the major reasons for olfactory impairment of the domestic silkworm reared completely indoor environment. Reversely, wild silkworm may increase expression and remove deleterious polymorphisms of olfactory-related genes to retain sensitive olfaction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T05:24:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dbbd1195baf74c009d2b97e80c36c084 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2164 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T05:24:46Z |
| publishDate | 2018-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Genomics |
| spelling | doaj.art-dbbd1195baf74c009d2b97e80c36c0842022-12-22T02:00:43ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642018-11-0119111410.1186/s12864-018-5172-1Evidence of peripheral olfactory impairment in the domestic silkworms: insight from the comparative transcriptome and population geneticsChuan-Zhen Qiu0Qiu-Zhong Zhou1Ting-Ting Liu2Shou-Min Fang3Ya-Wang Wang4Xin Fang5Chun-Li Huang6Quan-You Yu7Chun-Hong Chen8Ze Zhang9School of Life Sciences, Chongqing UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Chongqing UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Chongqing UniversityCollege of Life Science, China West Normal UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Chongqing UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Chongqing UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Chongqing UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Chongqing UniversityAgriculture and Food, CSIROSchool of Life Sciences, Chongqing UniversityAbstract Background The insect olfactory system is a highly specific and sensitive chemical detector, which plays important roles in feeding, mating and finding an appropriate oviposition site. The ecological niche of Bombyx mori has changed greatly since domestication from B. mandarina, and its olfactory response to environmental odorants clearly decreased. However, the mechanisms that result in the olfactory impairment are largely unknown. Results The antennal transcriptomes were compared between the domestic and wild silkworms. Comparison of the same sex between the domestic and wild silkworms revealed 1410 and 1173 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in males and females, respectively. To understand the olfactory impairment, we mainly focused on the olfactory-related genes. In total, 30 olfactory genes and 19 odorant-degrading enzymes (ODEs) showed differential expression in the two comparisons, in which 19 and 14 were down-regulated in the domestic silkworm, respectively. Based on population genomic data, the down-regulated odorant receptors (ORs) showed a higher ratio of unique non-synonymous polymorphisms to synonymous polymorphisms (N/S ratio) in the domestic populations than that in the wild silkworms. Furthermore, one deleterious mutation was found in OR30 of the domestic population, which was located in transmembrane helix 6 (TM6). Conclusions Our results suggested that down-regulation of the olfactory-related genes and relaxed selection might be the major reasons for olfactory impairment of the domestic silkworm reared completely indoor environment. Reversely, wild silkworm may increase expression and remove deleterious polymorphisms of olfactory-related genes to retain sensitive olfaction.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12864-018-5172-1AntennaeTranscriptomeOlfactory adaptationFunctional constraintSilkworm |
| spellingShingle | Chuan-Zhen Qiu Qiu-Zhong Zhou Ting-Ting Liu Shou-Min Fang Ya-Wang Wang Xin Fang Chun-Li Huang Quan-You Yu Chun-Hong Chen Ze Zhang Evidence of peripheral olfactory impairment in the domestic silkworms: insight from the comparative transcriptome and population genetics BMC Genomics Antennae Transcriptome Olfactory adaptation Functional constraint Silkworm |
| title | Evidence of peripheral olfactory impairment in the domestic silkworms: insight from the comparative transcriptome and population genetics |
| title_full | Evidence of peripheral olfactory impairment in the domestic silkworms: insight from the comparative transcriptome and population genetics |
| title_fullStr | Evidence of peripheral olfactory impairment in the domestic silkworms: insight from the comparative transcriptome and population genetics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evidence of peripheral olfactory impairment in the domestic silkworms: insight from the comparative transcriptome and population genetics |
| title_short | Evidence of peripheral olfactory impairment in the domestic silkworms: insight from the comparative transcriptome and population genetics |
| title_sort | evidence of peripheral olfactory impairment in the domestic silkworms insight from the comparative transcriptome and population genetics |
| topic | Antennae Transcriptome Olfactory adaptation Functional constraint Silkworm |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12864-018-5172-1 |
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