Thermodynamic Analysis of the Effect of Green Hydrogen Addition to a Fuel Mixture on the Steam Methane Reforming Process
Steam methane (CH<sub>4</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O) reforming in the presence of a catalyst, usually nickel, is the most common technology for generating synthesis gas as a feedstock in chemical synthesis and a source of pure H<sub>2</sub> and CO. What is essential from...
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/20/6564 |
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| author | Robert Kaczmarczyk |
| author_facet | Robert Kaczmarczyk |
| author_sort | Robert Kaczmarczyk |
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| description | Steam methane (CH<sub>4</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O) reforming in the presence of a catalyst, usually nickel, is the most common technology for generating synthesis gas as a feedstock in chemical synthesis and a source of pure H<sub>2</sub> and CO. What is essential from the perspective of further gas use is the parameter describing a ratio of equilibrium concentration of hydrogen to carbon monoxide <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>H</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The parameter is determined by operating temperature and the initial ratio of steam concentration to methane <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>C</mi><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn><mi>O</mi></mrow><mn>0</mn></msubsup><mo>/</mo><msubsup><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mn>4</mn></mrow><mn>0</mn></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. In this paper, the author presents a thermodynamic analysis of the effect of green hydrogen addition to a fuel mixture on the steam methane reforming process of gaseous phase (CH<sub>4</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>)–H<sub>2</sub>O. The thermodynamic analysis of conversion of hydrogen-enriched methane (CH<sub>4</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>)–H<sub>2</sub>O has been performed using parametric equation formalism, allowing for determining the equilibrium composition of the process in progress. A thermodynamic condition of carbon precipitation in methane reforming (CH<sub>4</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>) with the gaseous phase of H<sub>2</sub>O has been interpreted. The ranges of substrate concentrations creating carbon deposition for temperature <i>T</i> = 1000 K have been determined, based on the technologies used. The results obtained can serve as a model basis for describing the properties of steam reforming of methane and hydrogen mixture (CH<sub>4</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>)–H<sub>2</sub>O. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:36:04Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:36:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-dbcff50deb144d1088cd1ac6b893b05a2023-11-22T18:05:12ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-10-011420656410.3390/en14206564Thermodynamic Analysis of the Effect of Green Hydrogen Addition to a Fuel Mixture on the Steam Methane Reforming ProcessRobert Kaczmarczyk0Department of Fundamental Research in Energy Engineering, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, PolandSteam methane (CH<sub>4</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O) reforming in the presence of a catalyst, usually nickel, is the most common technology for generating synthesis gas as a feedstock in chemical synthesis and a source of pure H<sub>2</sub> and CO. What is essential from the perspective of further gas use is the parameter describing a ratio of equilibrium concentration of hydrogen to carbon monoxide <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>H</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The parameter is determined by operating temperature and the initial ratio of steam concentration to methane <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>C</mi><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn><mi>O</mi></mrow><mn>0</mn></msubsup><mo>/</mo><msubsup><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mn>4</mn></mrow><mn>0</mn></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. In this paper, the author presents a thermodynamic analysis of the effect of green hydrogen addition to a fuel mixture on the steam methane reforming process of gaseous phase (CH<sub>4</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>)–H<sub>2</sub>O. The thermodynamic analysis of conversion of hydrogen-enriched methane (CH<sub>4</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>)–H<sub>2</sub>O has been performed using parametric equation formalism, allowing for determining the equilibrium composition of the process in progress. A thermodynamic condition of carbon precipitation in methane reforming (CH<sub>4</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>) with the gaseous phase of H<sub>2</sub>O has been interpreted. The ranges of substrate concentrations creating carbon deposition for temperature <i>T</i> = 1000 K have been determined, based on the technologies used. The results obtained can serve as a model basis for describing the properties of steam reforming of methane and hydrogen mixture (CH<sub>4</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>)–H<sub>2</sub>O.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/20/6564steam reforming of methanegreen hydrogenparametric equation formalismequilibrium characteristicscarbon deposition |
| spellingShingle | Robert Kaczmarczyk Thermodynamic Analysis of the Effect of Green Hydrogen Addition to a Fuel Mixture on the Steam Methane Reforming Process Energies steam reforming of methane green hydrogen parametric equation formalism equilibrium characteristics carbon deposition |
| title | Thermodynamic Analysis of the Effect of Green Hydrogen Addition to a Fuel Mixture on the Steam Methane Reforming Process |
| title_full | Thermodynamic Analysis of the Effect of Green Hydrogen Addition to a Fuel Mixture on the Steam Methane Reforming Process |
| title_fullStr | Thermodynamic Analysis of the Effect of Green Hydrogen Addition to a Fuel Mixture on the Steam Methane Reforming Process |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermodynamic Analysis of the Effect of Green Hydrogen Addition to a Fuel Mixture on the Steam Methane Reforming Process |
| title_short | Thermodynamic Analysis of the Effect of Green Hydrogen Addition to a Fuel Mixture on the Steam Methane Reforming Process |
| title_sort | thermodynamic analysis of the effect of green hydrogen addition to a fuel mixture on the steam methane reforming process |
| topic | steam reforming of methane green hydrogen parametric equation formalism equilibrium characteristics carbon deposition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/20/6564 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT robertkaczmarczyk thermodynamicanalysisoftheeffectofgreenhydrogenadditiontoafuelmixtureonthesteammethanereformingprocess |