Study of bacterial respiratory infections and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among antibiotics naive outpatients visiting Meru teaching and referral hospital, Meru County, Kenya in 2018
Abstract Objective Respiratory tract infections cause significant morbidity and mortality globally and are the most common infectious diseases in humans. This study aims at assessing the presence of bacterial respiratory infections, number of people infected and antimicrobial susceptibility profile...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-02905-x |
| _version_ | 1797789941976006656 |
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| author | Dinah Muthoni Miriti John Maingi Muthini Anthony Kebira Nyamache |
| author_facet | Dinah Muthoni Miriti John Maingi Muthini Anthony Kebira Nyamache |
| author_sort | Dinah Muthoni Miriti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective Respiratory tract infections cause significant morbidity and mortality globally and are the most common infectious diseases in humans. This study aims at assessing the presence of bacterial respiratory infections, number of people infected and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among antibiotic naïve outpatients presenting with respiratory tract infections in Meru Teaching and Referral Hospital. Methods The study was conducted in Meru Teaching and Referral Hospital, Meru County from April 2017 to August 2018. Upper respiratory infections were characterized by acute infection of nasal cavity, pharynx and larynx while lower respiratory infections were characterized by chest pains, prolonged cough, productive sputum, difficulty in breathing, fever and weight loss. A total of 384 sputum and throat samples were collected aseptically from patients who were clinically suspected to have respiratory infections and cultured in blood agar, MacConkey agar and chocolate agar. Bacterial isolates were identified by colonial morphology, Gram stain and confirmed by biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility profile was determined using agar disc diffusion method. Results Respiratory bacterial pathogens were isolated in 45.6% of the samples. The prevalence of the bacteria species isolated were as follows Pseudomonas species (36.6%), Klebsiella species (20.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (16.6%), Streptococcus pyogenes (13.7%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (10.3%) and mixed isolates (2.3%). Amoxicillin and ampicillin recorded the highest resistance rate. Most of the isolates displayed high level of resistance to more than two antibiotics. Although multidrug resistance is reported in the study, gentamicin, amikacin and cefuroxime are recommended as the antibiotics of choice against bacterial isolates obtained. Conclusion Bacterial respiratory infections were prevalent in the study area and the isolates obtained showed resistance to commonly used antibiotics such as amoxicillin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin piperacillin ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam and cephalexin. Therefore need for a continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in management of respiratory infections in the study area. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:57:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dbd1644fa3eb4ebdacbfd6dec1c2f7cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2180 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:57:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-dbd1644fa3eb4ebdacbfd6dec1c2f7cf2023-07-02T11:09:14ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802023-06-012311810.1186/s12866-023-02905-xStudy of bacterial respiratory infections and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among antibiotics naive outpatients visiting Meru teaching and referral hospital, Meru County, Kenya in 2018Dinah Muthoni Miriti0John Maingi Muthini1Anthony Kebira Nyamache2Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kenyatta UniversityDepartment of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kenyatta UniversityDepartment of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kenyatta UniversityAbstract Objective Respiratory tract infections cause significant morbidity and mortality globally and are the most common infectious diseases in humans. This study aims at assessing the presence of bacterial respiratory infections, number of people infected and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among antibiotic naïve outpatients presenting with respiratory tract infections in Meru Teaching and Referral Hospital. Methods The study was conducted in Meru Teaching and Referral Hospital, Meru County from April 2017 to August 2018. Upper respiratory infections were characterized by acute infection of nasal cavity, pharynx and larynx while lower respiratory infections were characterized by chest pains, prolonged cough, productive sputum, difficulty in breathing, fever and weight loss. A total of 384 sputum and throat samples were collected aseptically from patients who were clinically suspected to have respiratory infections and cultured in blood agar, MacConkey agar and chocolate agar. Bacterial isolates were identified by colonial morphology, Gram stain and confirmed by biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility profile was determined using agar disc diffusion method. Results Respiratory bacterial pathogens were isolated in 45.6% of the samples. The prevalence of the bacteria species isolated were as follows Pseudomonas species (36.6%), Klebsiella species (20.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (16.6%), Streptococcus pyogenes (13.7%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (10.3%) and mixed isolates (2.3%). Amoxicillin and ampicillin recorded the highest resistance rate. Most of the isolates displayed high level of resistance to more than two antibiotics. Although multidrug resistance is reported in the study, gentamicin, amikacin and cefuroxime are recommended as the antibiotics of choice against bacterial isolates obtained. Conclusion Bacterial respiratory infections were prevalent in the study area and the isolates obtained showed resistance to commonly used antibiotics such as amoxicillin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin piperacillin ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam and cephalexin. Therefore need for a continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in management of respiratory infections in the study area.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-02905-xPrevalenceAntimicrobial susceptibilityRespiratory infectionsBacteria isolatesAntibiotics |
| spellingShingle | Dinah Muthoni Miriti John Maingi Muthini Anthony Kebira Nyamache Study of bacterial respiratory infections and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among antibiotics naive outpatients visiting Meru teaching and referral hospital, Meru County, Kenya in 2018 BMC Microbiology Prevalence Antimicrobial susceptibility Respiratory infections Bacteria isolates Antibiotics |
| title | Study of bacterial respiratory infections and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among antibiotics naive outpatients visiting Meru teaching and referral hospital, Meru County, Kenya in 2018 |
| title_full | Study of bacterial respiratory infections and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among antibiotics naive outpatients visiting Meru teaching and referral hospital, Meru County, Kenya in 2018 |
| title_fullStr | Study of bacterial respiratory infections and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among antibiotics naive outpatients visiting Meru teaching and referral hospital, Meru County, Kenya in 2018 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of bacterial respiratory infections and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among antibiotics naive outpatients visiting Meru teaching and referral hospital, Meru County, Kenya in 2018 |
| title_short | Study of bacterial respiratory infections and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among antibiotics naive outpatients visiting Meru teaching and referral hospital, Meru County, Kenya in 2018 |
| title_sort | study of bacterial respiratory infections and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among antibiotics naive outpatients visiting meru teaching and referral hospital meru county kenya in 2018 |
| topic | Prevalence Antimicrobial susceptibility Respiratory infections Bacteria isolates Antibiotics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-02905-x |
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