Short-Term Exposure Effect of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Ozone and Cold Temperature on Emergency Room Visits for Asthma Patients
(1) Background: The acute effects of ozone, cold temperature and particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) in size related to asthma attacks are well known worldwide. The adverse effects of ozone and cold temperature on asthma morbidity in Taiwan are still inconclusive. (2)...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/2/94 |
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| author | Chun-Gu Cheng Shang-Yih Yen Chih-Chun Hsiao Yen-Yue Lin Yin-Han Chang Yu-Hsuan Chen Chun-An Cheng |
| author_facet | Chun-Gu Cheng Shang-Yih Yen Chih-Chun Hsiao Yen-Yue Lin Yin-Han Chang Yu-Hsuan Chen Chun-An Cheng |
| author_sort | Chun-Gu Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: The acute effects of ozone, cold temperature and particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) in size related to asthma attacks are well known worldwide. The adverse effects of ozone and cold temperature on asthma morbidity in Taiwan are still inconclusive. (2) Methods: This retrospective study included patients who had asthma emergency room visits (ERVs) from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2019 in a regional hospital in Taiwan. The short-term negative effects were estimated using Distributed Lag Non-Linear Models (DLNMs) for the relative risks (RRs) of asthma ERVs associated with PM<sub>2.5</sub>, ozone and cold temperature exposures within 5 days. (3) Results: There was a significant association between a 10 ppm increase in PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure and asthma ERVs at a 2-day lag (RR 1.166, 95% confidence interval (C.I.): 1.051–1.294). There was a significant association between ozone and asthma ERVs at a 1-day lag (RR 1.179, 95% C.I.: 1.034–1.345). The ambient temperature in cold weather compared with the temperature of minimum asthma ERV showed an RR of 1.214, 95% C.I.: 1.009–1.252 at a 1-day lag. (4) Conclusions: This study provides evidence that short-term exposure to fine suspended particulates, ozone and inverse temperature is associated with asthma exacerbation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:04:20Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:04:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-dbe5dafeba9949cba482105383870a502023-11-16T23:36:52ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042023-01-011129410.3390/toxics11020094Short-Term Exposure Effect of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Ozone and Cold Temperature on Emergency Room Visits for Asthma PatientsChun-Gu Cheng0Shang-Yih Yen1Chih-Chun Hsiao2Yen-Yue Lin3Yin-Han Chang4Yu-Hsuan Chen5Chun-An Cheng6Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, TaiwanDepartment of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, TaiwanDepartment of Nursing, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, TaiwanDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32549, TaiwanDepartment of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10621, TaiwanDivision of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11220, TaiwanDepartment of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan(1) Background: The acute effects of ozone, cold temperature and particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) in size related to asthma attacks are well known worldwide. The adverse effects of ozone and cold temperature on asthma morbidity in Taiwan are still inconclusive. (2) Methods: This retrospective study included patients who had asthma emergency room visits (ERVs) from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2019 in a regional hospital in Taiwan. The short-term negative effects were estimated using Distributed Lag Non-Linear Models (DLNMs) for the relative risks (RRs) of asthma ERVs associated with PM<sub>2.5</sub>, ozone and cold temperature exposures within 5 days. (3) Results: There was a significant association between a 10 ppm increase in PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure and asthma ERVs at a 2-day lag (RR 1.166, 95% confidence interval (C.I.): 1.051–1.294). There was a significant association between ozone and asthma ERVs at a 1-day lag (RR 1.179, 95% C.I.: 1.034–1.345). The ambient temperature in cold weather compared with the temperature of minimum asthma ERV showed an RR of 1.214, 95% C.I.: 1.009–1.252 at a 1-day lag. (4) Conclusions: This study provides evidence that short-term exposure to fine suspended particulates, ozone and inverse temperature is associated with asthma exacerbation.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/2/94air pollutantscold temperatureshort-term exposureasthma emergency room visits |
| spellingShingle | Chun-Gu Cheng Shang-Yih Yen Chih-Chun Hsiao Yen-Yue Lin Yin-Han Chang Yu-Hsuan Chen Chun-An Cheng Short-Term Exposure Effect of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Ozone and Cold Temperature on Emergency Room Visits for Asthma Patients Toxics air pollutants cold temperature short-term exposure asthma emergency room visits |
| title | Short-Term Exposure Effect of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Ozone and Cold Temperature on Emergency Room Visits for Asthma Patients |
| title_full | Short-Term Exposure Effect of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Ozone and Cold Temperature on Emergency Room Visits for Asthma Patients |
| title_fullStr | Short-Term Exposure Effect of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Ozone and Cold Temperature on Emergency Room Visits for Asthma Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Short-Term Exposure Effect of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Ozone and Cold Temperature on Emergency Room Visits for Asthma Patients |
| title_short | Short-Term Exposure Effect of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Ozone and Cold Temperature on Emergency Room Visits for Asthma Patients |
| title_sort | short term exposure effect of ambient fine particulate matter ozone and cold temperature on emergency room visits for asthma patients |
| topic | air pollutants cold temperature short-term exposure asthma emergency room visits |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/2/94 |
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