Antibacterial Activity and Protection Efficiency of Polyvinyl Butyral Nanofibrous Membrane Containing Thymol Prepared through Vertical Electrospinning
Human safety, health management, and disease transmission prevention have become crucial tasks in the present COVID-19 pandemic situation. Masks are widely available and create a safer and disease transmission–free environment. This study presents a facile method of fabricating masks through electro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/7/1122 |
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| author | Wen-Chi Lu Ching-Yi Chen Chia-Jung Cho Manikandan Venkatesan Wei-Hung Chiang Yang-Yen Yu Chen-Hung Lee Rong-Ho Lee Syang-Peng Rwei Chi-Ching Kuo |
| author_facet | Wen-Chi Lu Ching-Yi Chen Chia-Jung Cho Manikandan Venkatesan Wei-Hung Chiang Yang-Yen Yu Chen-Hung Lee Rong-Ho Lee Syang-Peng Rwei Chi-Ching Kuo |
| author_sort | Wen-Chi Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human safety, health management, and disease transmission prevention have become crucial tasks in the present COVID-19 pandemic situation. Masks are widely available and create a safer and disease transmission–free environment. This study presents a facile method of fabricating masks through electrospinning nontoxic polyvinyl butyral (PVB) polymeric matrix with the antibacterial component Thymol, a natural phenol monoterpene. Based on the results of Japanese Industrial Standards and American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists methods, the maximum antibacterial value of the mask against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was 5.6 and 6.4, respectively. Moreover, vertical electrospinning was performed to prepare Thymol/PVB nanofiber masks, and the effects of parameters on the submicron particulate filtration efficiency (PFE), differential pressure, and bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE) were determined. Thorough optimization of the small-diameter nanofiber–based antibacterial mask led to denser accumulation and improved PFE and pressure difference; the mask was thus noted to meet the present pandemic requirements. The as-developed nanofibrous masks have the antibacterial activity suggested by the National Standard of the Republic of China (CNS 14774) for general medical masks. Their BFE reaches 99.4%, with a pressure difference of <5 mmH<sub>2</sub>O/cm<sup>2</sup>. The mask can safeguard human health and promote a healthy environment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:42:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dbea3fb3418f4067b5a27d734b01cb5c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:42:02Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-dbea3fb3418f4067b5a27d734b01cb5c2023-11-21T13:48:02ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-04-01137112210.3390/polym13071122Antibacterial Activity and Protection Efficiency of Polyvinyl Butyral Nanofibrous Membrane Containing Thymol Prepared through Vertical ElectrospinningWen-Chi Lu0Ching-Yi Chen1Chia-Jung Cho2Manikandan Venkatesan3Wei-Hung Chiang4Yang-Yen Yu5Chen-Hung Lee6Rong-Ho Lee7Syang-Peng Rwei8Chi-Ching Kuo9Research and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanResearch and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanResearch and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanResearch and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, TaiwanDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan 333, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, TaiwanResearch and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanResearch and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, TaiwanHuman safety, health management, and disease transmission prevention have become crucial tasks in the present COVID-19 pandemic situation. Masks are widely available and create a safer and disease transmission–free environment. This study presents a facile method of fabricating masks through electrospinning nontoxic polyvinyl butyral (PVB) polymeric matrix with the antibacterial component Thymol, a natural phenol monoterpene. Based on the results of Japanese Industrial Standards and American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists methods, the maximum antibacterial value of the mask against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was 5.6 and 6.4, respectively. Moreover, vertical electrospinning was performed to prepare Thymol/PVB nanofiber masks, and the effects of parameters on the submicron particulate filtration efficiency (PFE), differential pressure, and bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE) were determined. Thorough optimization of the small-diameter nanofiber–based antibacterial mask led to denser accumulation and improved PFE and pressure difference; the mask was thus noted to meet the present pandemic requirements. The as-developed nanofibrous masks have the antibacterial activity suggested by the National Standard of the Republic of China (CNS 14774) for general medical masks. Their BFE reaches 99.4%, with a pressure difference of <5 mmH<sub>2</sub>O/cm<sup>2</sup>. The mask can safeguard human health and promote a healthy environment.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/7/1122electrospinningnanofibrous membraneantibacterial activityprotection efficiencymask |
| spellingShingle | Wen-Chi Lu Ching-Yi Chen Chia-Jung Cho Manikandan Venkatesan Wei-Hung Chiang Yang-Yen Yu Chen-Hung Lee Rong-Ho Lee Syang-Peng Rwei Chi-Ching Kuo Antibacterial Activity and Protection Efficiency of Polyvinyl Butyral Nanofibrous Membrane Containing Thymol Prepared through Vertical Electrospinning Polymers electrospinning nanofibrous membrane antibacterial activity protection efficiency mask |
| title | Antibacterial Activity and Protection Efficiency of Polyvinyl Butyral Nanofibrous Membrane Containing Thymol Prepared through Vertical Electrospinning |
| title_full | Antibacterial Activity and Protection Efficiency of Polyvinyl Butyral Nanofibrous Membrane Containing Thymol Prepared through Vertical Electrospinning |
| title_fullStr | Antibacterial Activity and Protection Efficiency of Polyvinyl Butyral Nanofibrous Membrane Containing Thymol Prepared through Vertical Electrospinning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial Activity and Protection Efficiency of Polyvinyl Butyral Nanofibrous Membrane Containing Thymol Prepared through Vertical Electrospinning |
| title_short | Antibacterial Activity and Protection Efficiency of Polyvinyl Butyral Nanofibrous Membrane Containing Thymol Prepared through Vertical Electrospinning |
| title_sort | antibacterial activity and protection efficiency of polyvinyl butyral nanofibrous membrane containing thymol prepared through vertical electrospinning |
| topic | electrospinning nanofibrous membrane antibacterial activity protection efficiency mask |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/7/1122 |
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