Progress in the Development of Subunit Vaccines against Malaria
Malaria is a life-threatening disease and one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the human population. The disease also results in a major socio-economic burden. The rapid spread of malaria epidemics in developing countries is exacerbated by the rise in drug-resistant parasites and ins...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/3/373 |
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| author | Mariusz Skwarczynski Saranya Chandrudu Berta Rigau-Planella Md. Tanjir Islam Yee S. Cheong Genan Liu Xiumin Wang Istvan Toth Waleed M. Hussein |
| author_facet | Mariusz Skwarczynski Saranya Chandrudu Berta Rigau-Planella Md. Tanjir Islam Yee S. Cheong Genan Liu Xiumin Wang Istvan Toth Waleed M. Hussein |
| author_sort | Mariusz Skwarczynski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Malaria is a life-threatening disease and one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the human population. The disease also results in a major socio-economic burden. The rapid spread of malaria epidemics in developing countries is exacerbated by the rise in drug-resistant parasites and insecticide-resistant mosquitoes. At present, malaria research is focused mainly on the development of drugs with increased therapeutic effects against <i>Plasmodium</i> parasites. However, a vaccine against the disease is preferable over treatment to achieve long-term control. Trials to develop a safe and effective immunization protocol for the control of malaria have been occurring for decades, and continue on today; still, no effective vaccines are available on the market. Recently, peptide-based vaccines have become an attractive alternative approach. These vaccines utilize short protein fragments to induce immune responses against malaria parasites. Peptide-based vaccines are safer than traditional vaccines, relatively inexpensive to produce, and can be composed of multiple T- and B-cell epitopes integrated into one antigenic formulation. Various combinations, based on antigen choice, peptide epitope modification and delivery mechanism, have resulted in numerous potential malaria vaccines candidates; these are presently being studied in both preclinical and clinical trials. This review describes the current landscape of peptide-based vaccines, and addresses obstacles and opportunities in the production of malaria vaccines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:33:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dc09679755614c78af7a41b3aa4c1f2d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:33:01Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-dc09679755614c78af7a41b3aa4c1f2d2023-11-20T06:28:12ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2020-07-018337310.3390/vaccines8030373Progress in the Development of Subunit Vaccines against MalariaMariusz Skwarczynski0Saranya Chandrudu1Berta Rigau-Planella2Md. Tanjir Islam3Yee S. Cheong4Genan Liu5Xiumin Wang6Istvan Toth7Waleed M. Hussein8School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, AustraliaMalaria is a life-threatening disease and one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the human population. The disease also results in a major socio-economic burden. The rapid spread of malaria epidemics in developing countries is exacerbated by the rise in drug-resistant parasites and insecticide-resistant mosquitoes. At present, malaria research is focused mainly on the development of drugs with increased therapeutic effects against <i>Plasmodium</i> parasites. However, a vaccine against the disease is preferable over treatment to achieve long-term control. Trials to develop a safe and effective immunization protocol for the control of malaria have been occurring for decades, and continue on today; still, no effective vaccines are available on the market. Recently, peptide-based vaccines have become an attractive alternative approach. These vaccines utilize short protein fragments to induce immune responses against malaria parasites. Peptide-based vaccines are safer than traditional vaccines, relatively inexpensive to produce, and can be composed of multiple T- and B-cell epitopes integrated into one antigenic formulation. Various combinations, based on antigen choice, peptide epitope modification and delivery mechanism, have resulted in numerous potential malaria vaccines candidates; these are presently being studied in both preclinical and clinical trials. This review describes the current landscape of peptide-based vaccines, and addresses obstacles and opportunities in the production of malaria vaccines.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/3/373malariaparasite<i>Plasmodium</i>peptide-based vaccineclinical trials |
| spellingShingle | Mariusz Skwarczynski Saranya Chandrudu Berta Rigau-Planella Md. Tanjir Islam Yee S. Cheong Genan Liu Xiumin Wang Istvan Toth Waleed M. Hussein Progress in the Development of Subunit Vaccines against Malaria Vaccines malaria parasite <i>Plasmodium</i> peptide-based vaccine clinical trials |
| title | Progress in the Development of Subunit Vaccines against Malaria |
| title_full | Progress in the Development of Subunit Vaccines against Malaria |
| title_fullStr | Progress in the Development of Subunit Vaccines against Malaria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Progress in the Development of Subunit Vaccines against Malaria |
| title_short | Progress in the Development of Subunit Vaccines against Malaria |
| title_sort | progress in the development of subunit vaccines against malaria |
| topic | malaria parasite <i>Plasmodium</i> peptide-based vaccine clinical trials |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/3/373 |
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