Genome-wide identification and characterization of the lettuce GASA family in response to abiotic stresses
Abstract Background Lettuce is one of the most extensively farmed vegetables in the world, and it prefers cool growing conditions. High temperatures promote premature bolt formation, reducing quality and yield. The gibberellic acid-stimulated Arabidopsis (GASA) family genes play critical roles in pl...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04101-5 |
| _version_ | 1797865153290567680 |
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| author | Sun Ho Lee Jin Seok Yoon Woo Joo Jung Dae Yeon Kim Yong Weon Seo |
| author_facet | Sun Ho Lee Jin Seok Yoon Woo Joo Jung Dae Yeon Kim Yong Weon Seo |
| author_sort | Sun Ho Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Lettuce is one of the most extensively farmed vegetables in the world, and it prefers cool growing conditions. High temperatures promote premature bolt formation, reducing quality and yield. The gibberellic acid-stimulated Arabidopsis (GASA) family genes play critical roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the biological functions of GASA proteins in lettuce have yet to be thoroughly investigated. Results Using genome-wide analysis, 20 GASAs were identified in lettuce including, three groups of LsGASA proteins based on the phylogenetic analysis. Except for one, all GASA proteins included a conserved GASA domain with 12 cysteine residues. Cis-element analysis showed that LsGASAs were closely associated with light, phytohormones, and stress resistance. Five segmental and three tandem duplication events were observed in the LsGASA family based on duplication analysis. GASA synteny analysis among lettuce, Arabidopsis, tobacco, and rice revealed that LsGASA5 is highly collinear with all species. Six of the 20 LsGASA showed increased expression patterns at specific time points in the shoot apical meristem when subjected to heat stress. According to gene expression analysis, the majority of GASA were highly expressed in flowers compared to other organs, and six GASA exhibited highly increased expression levels in response to NaCl, abscisic acid, and gibberellin treatment. Furthermore, LsGASA proteins are predominantly found in the plasma membrane and/or the cytosol. Conclusions This study provides a comprehensive characterization of LsGASA genes for their diversity and biological functions. Moreover, our results will be useful for further studies on the function of lettuce GASA in abiotic stress- and heat-induced bolting signaling. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:04:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dc14e4a99ef042a6a65f747ef0391af5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:04:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-dc14e4a99ef042a6a65f747ef0391af52023-03-22T10:50:16ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292023-02-0123111410.1186/s12870-023-04101-5Genome-wide identification and characterization of the lettuce GASA family in response to abiotic stressesSun Ho Lee0Jin Seok Yoon1Woo Joo Jung2Dae Yeon Kim3Yong Weon Seo4Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea UniversityOjeong Plant Breeding Research Center, Korea UniversityInstitute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea UniversityDepartment of Plant Resources, College of Industrial Science, Kongju National UniversityDepartment of Plant Biotechnology, Korea UniversityAbstract Background Lettuce is one of the most extensively farmed vegetables in the world, and it prefers cool growing conditions. High temperatures promote premature bolt formation, reducing quality and yield. The gibberellic acid-stimulated Arabidopsis (GASA) family genes play critical roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the biological functions of GASA proteins in lettuce have yet to be thoroughly investigated. Results Using genome-wide analysis, 20 GASAs were identified in lettuce including, three groups of LsGASA proteins based on the phylogenetic analysis. Except for one, all GASA proteins included a conserved GASA domain with 12 cysteine residues. Cis-element analysis showed that LsGASAs were closely associated with light, phytohormones, and stress resistance. Five segmental and three tandem duplication events were observed in the LsGASA family based on duplication analysis. GASA synteny analysis among lettuce, Arabidopsis, tobacco, and rice revealed that LsGASA5 is highly collinear with all species. Six of the 20 LsGASA showed increased expression patterns at specific time points in the shoot apical meristem when subjected to heat stress. According to gene expression analysis, the majority of GASA were highly expressed in flowers compared to other organs, and six GASA exhibited highly increased expression levels in response to NaCl, abscisic acid, and gibberellin treatment. Furthermore, LsGASA proteins are predominantly found in the plasma membrane and/or the cytosol. Conclusions This study provides a comprehensive characterization of LsGASA genes for their diversity and biological functions. Moreover, our results will be useful for further studies on the function of lettuce GASA in abiotic stress- and heat-induced bolting signaling.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04101-5Heat stressLactuca sativa LShoot apical meristemcis-elementExpression analysis |
| spellingShingle | Sun Ho Lee Jin Seok Yoon Woo Joo Jung Dae Yeon Kim Yong Weon Seo Genome-wide identification and characterization of the lettuce GASA family in response to abiotic stresses BMC Plant Biology Heat stress Lactuca sativa L Shoot apical meristem cis-element Expression analysis |
| title | Genome-wide identification and characterization of the lettuce GASA family in response to abiotic stresses |
| title_full | Genome-wide identification and characterization of the lettuce GASA family in response to abiotic stresses |
| title_fullStr | Genome-wide identification and characterization of the lettuce GASA family in response to abiotic stresses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-wide identification and characterization of the lettuce GASA family in response to abiotic stresses |
| title_short | Genome-wide identification and characterization of the lettuce GASA family in response to abiotic stresses |
| title_sort | genome wide identification and characterization of the lettuce gasa family in response to abiotic stresses |
| topic | Heat stress Lactuca sativa L Shoot apical meristem cis-element Expression analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04101-5 |
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