Genetic Diversity of Blueberry Genotypes Estimated by Antioxidant Properties and Molecular Markers
Blueberries (<i>Vaccinium</i> spp.) have gained much attention worldwide because of their potential health benefits and economic importance. Genetic diversity was estimated in blueberry hybrids, wild clones and cultivars by their antioxidant efficacy, total phenolic and flavonoid content...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/3/458 |
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| author | Dhrumit S. Bhatt Samir C. Debnath |
| author_facet | Dhrumit S. Bhatt Samir C. Debnath |
| author_sort | Dhrumit S. Bhatt |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Blueberries (<i>Vaccinium</i> spp.) have gained much attention worldwide because of their potential health benefits and economic importance. Genetic diversity was estimated in blueberry hybrids, wild clones and cultivars by their antioxidant efficacy, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and express sequence tag–simple sequence repeat (SSR) (EST–SSR), genomic (G)–SSR and express sequence tag–polymerase chain reaction (EST–PCR) markers. Wide diversity existed among the genotypes for antioxidant properties, with the highest variation for DPPH radical scavenging activity (20-fold), followed by the contents of total flavonoids (16-fold) and phenolics (3.8-fold). Although a group of 11 hybrids generated the maximum diversity for antioxidant activity (15-fold), wild clones collected from Quebec, Canada, had the maximum variation for total phenolic (2.8-fold) and flavonoid contents (6.9-fold). Extensive genetic diversity was evident from Shannon’s index (0.34 for EST–SSRs, 0.29 for G–SSR, 0.26 for EST–PCR) and expected heterozygosity (0.23 for EST–SSR, 0.19 for G–SSR, 0.16 for EST–PCR). STRUCTURE analysis separated the genotypes into three groups, which were in agreement with principal coordinate and neighbour-joining analyses. Molecular variance suggested 19% variation among groups and 81% among genotypes within the groups. Clustering based on biochemical data and molecular analysis did not coincide, indicating a random distribution of loci in the blueberry genome, conferring antioxidant properties. However, the stepwise multiple regression analysis (SMRA) revealed that 17 EST–SSR, G–SSR and EST–PCR markers were associated with antioxidant properties. The study is valuable to breeding and germplasm conservation programs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:13:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dc1982a5c436441a89ae4f9cc059c595 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:13:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-dc1982a5c436441a89ae4f9cc059c5952023-11-21T10:34:44ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212021-03-0110345810.3390/antiox10030458Genetic Diversity of Blueberry Genotypes Estimated by Antioxidant Properties and Molecular MarkersDhrumit S. Bhatt0Samir C. Debnath1Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 232 Elizabeth Avenue, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X9, CanadaSt. John’s Research and Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Bldg. 25, 204 Brookfield Road, St. John’s, NL A1E 6J5, CanadaBlueberries (<i>Vaccinium</i> spp.) have gained much attention worldwide because of their potential health benefits and economic importance. Genetic diversity was estimated in blueberry hybrids, wild clones and cultivars by their antioxidant efficacy, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and express sequence tag–simple sequence repeat (SSR) (EST–SSR), genomic (G)–SSR and express sequence tag–polymerase chain reaction (EST–PCR) markers. Wide diversity existed among the genotypes for antioxidant properties, with the highest variation for DPPH radical scavenging activity (20-fold), followed by the contents of total flavonoids (16-fold) and phenolics (3.8-fold). Although a group of 11 hybrids generated the maximum diversity for antioxidant activity (15-fold), wild clones collected from Quebec, Canada, had the maximum variation for total phenolic (2.8-fold) and flavonoid contents (6.9-fold). Extensive genetic diversity was evident from Shannon’s index (0.34 for EST–SSRs, 0.29 for G–SSR, 0.26 for EST–PCR) and expected heterozygosity (0.23 for EST–SSR, 0.19 for G–SSR, 0.16 for EST–PCR). STRUCTURE analysis separated the genotypes into three groups, which were in agreement with principal coordinate and neighbour-joining analyses. Molecular variance suggested 19% variation among groups and 81% among genotypes within the groups. Clustering based on biochemical data and molecular analysis did not coincide, indicating a random distribution of loci in the blueberry genome, conferring antioxidant properties. However, the stepwise multiple regression analysis (SMRA) revealed that 17 EST–SSR, G–SSR and EST–PCR markers were associated with antioxidant properties. The study is valuable to breeding and germplasm conservation programs.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/3/458antioxidant activitybiochemical and molecular diversityblueberriesgenetic structurephenolicsflavonoids |
| spellingShingle | Dhrumit S. Bhatt Samir C. Debnath Genetic Diversity of Blueberry Genotypes Estimated by Antioxidant Properties and Molecular Markers Antioxidants antioxidant activity biochemical and molecular diversity blueberries genetic structure phenolics flavonoids |
| title | Genetic Diversity of Blueberry Genotypes Estimated by Antioxidant Properties and Molecular Markers |
| title_full | Genetic Diversity of Blueberry Genotypes Estimated by Antioxidant Properties and Molecular Markers |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Diversity of Blueberry Genotypes Estimated by Antioxidant Properties and Molecular Markers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Diversity of Blueberry Genotypes Estimated by Antioxidant Properties and Molecular Markers |
| title_short | Genetic Diversity of Blueberry Genotypes Estimated by Antioxidant Properties and Molecular Markers |
| title_sort | genetic diversity of blueberry genotypes estimated by antioxidant properties and molecular markers |
| topic | antioxidant activity biochemical and molecular diversity blueberries genetic structure phenolics flavonoids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/3/458 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dhrumitsbhatt geneticdiversityofblueberrygenotypesestimatedbyantioxidantpropertiesandmolecularmarkers AT samircdebnath geneticdiversityofblueberrygenotypesestimatedbyantioxidantpropertiesandmolecularmarkers |