Oral Administration of <i>Euonymus alatus</i> Leaf Extract Ameliorates Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotypes in 5xFAD Transgenic Mice
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and is frequently characterized by progressive and irreversible impairment of cognitive functions. However, its etiology remains poorly understood, limiting therapeutic interventions. Our previous study showed that the ethanol...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/5/682 |
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| author | Yoonsu Kim Minjung Cho Chan Ho Jang Jeong Soon Lee Jong-Sang Kim Jisun Oh Jinkyu Lim |
| author_facet | Yoonsu Kim Minjung Cho Chan Ho Jang Jeong Soon Lee Jong-Sang Kim Jisun Oh Jinkyu Lim |
| author_sort | Yoonsu Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and is frequently characterized by progressive and irreversible impairment of cognitive functions. However, its etiology remains poorly understood, limiting therapeutic interventions. Our previous study showed that the ethanol extract of <i>Euonymus alatus</i> leaves (EA) positively affected scopolamine-induced hypomnesia in the normal mouse model by promoting nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation. Herein, we examined whether EA administration could ameliorate major AD phenotypes that are manifested in 5xFAD transgenic mice. Two-month-old mice were orally administered with EA at a dose of 50, 100, or 150 mg/kg body weight/day thrice a week for 14 weeks. We observed that EA administration improved behavioral deficits as assessed by the passive avoidance, Morris water maze, and Y-maze tasks; decreased the plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNFα and IL-1β; decreased the protein expression levels of inflammatory mediators in the hippocampus; and attenuated histological damage and amyloid beta plaques in the hippocampal region of 5xFAD mouse brain. Interestingly, our data demonstrated that the effectiveness was partially attributed to quercetin, which was noted to be a component of EA. Hence, these findings suggest that a long-term administration of EA could alleviate AD symptoms and delay its progression. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:30:29Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:30:29Z |
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| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-dc314ed091de48e08dc387ded6d1b0072024-03-12T16:44:06ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582024-02-0113568210.3390/foods13050682Oral Administration of <i>Euonymus alatus</i> Leaf Extract Ameliorates Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotypes in 5xFAD Transgenic MiceYoonsu Kim0Minjung Cho1Chan Ho Jang2Jeong Soon Lee3Jong-Sang Kim4Jisun Oh5Jinkyu Lim6Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaInstitute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaForest Environment Research Institute of Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gyeongju 38174, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaNew Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of KoreaSchool of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of KoreaAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and is frequently characterized by progressive and irreversible impairment of cognitive functions. However, its etiology remains poorly understood, limiting therapeutic interventions. Our previous study showed that the ethanol extract of <i>Euonymus alatus</i> leaves (EA) positively affected scopolamine-induced hypomnesia in the normal mouse model by promoting nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation. Herein, we examined whether EA administration could ameliorate major AD phenotypes that are manifested in 5xFAD transgenic mice. Two-month-old mice were orally administered with EA at a dose of 50, 100, or 150 mg/kg body weight/day thrice a week for 14 weeks. We observed that EA administration improved behavioral deficits as assessed by the passive avoidance, Morris water maze, and Y-maze tasks; decreased the plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNFα and IL-1β; decreased the protein expression levels of inflammatory mediators in the hippocampus; and attenuated histological damage and amyloid beta plaques in the hippocampal region of 5xFAD mouse brain. Interestingly, our data demonstrated that the effectiveness was partially attributed to quercetin, which was noted to be a component of EA. Hence, these findings suggest that a long-term administration of EA could alleviate AD symptoms and delay its progression.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/5/682<i>Euonymus alatus</i>5xFAD mouseAlzheimer’s diseasememory improvementquercetin |
| spellingShingle | Yoonsu Kim Minjung Cho Chan Ho Jang Jeong Soon Lee Jong-Sang Kim Jisun Oh Jinkyu Lim Oral Administration of <i>Euonymus alatus</i> Leaf Extract Ameliorates Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotypes in 5xFAD Transgenic Mice Foods <i>Euonymus alatus</i> 5xFAD mouse Alzheimer’s disease memory improvement quercetin |
| title | Oral Administration of <i>Euonymus alatus</i> Leaf Extract Ameliorates Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotypes in 5xFAD Transgenic Mice |
| title_full | Oral Administration of <i>Euonymus alatus</i> Leaf Extract Ameliorates Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotypes in 5xFAD Transgenic Mice |
| title_fullStr | Oral Administration of <i>Euonymus alatus</i> Leaf Extract Ameliorates Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotypes in 5xFAD Transgenic Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oral Administration of <i>Euonymus alatus</i> Leaf Extract Ameliorates Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotypes in 5xFAD Transgenic Mice |
| title_short | Oral Administration of <i>Euonymus alatus</i> Leaf Extract Ameliorates Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotypes in 5xFAD Transgenic Mice |
| title_sort | oral administration of i euonymus alatus i leaf extract ameliorates alzheimer s disease phenotypes in 5xfad transgenic mice |
| topic | <i>Euonymus alatus</i> 5xFAD mouse Alzheimer’s disease memory improvement quercetin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/5/682 |
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