Facile Obtainment of Fluorescent PEG Hydrogels Bearing Pyrene Groups by Frontal Polymerization
Frontal polymerization (FP) was used to prepare poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (PEGMA) fluorescent polymer hydrogels containing pyrenebutyl pendant groups as fluorescent probes. The polymerization procedure was carried out under solvent-free conditions, with different molar quantities o...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-03-01
|
| Series: | Polymers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/7/1687 |
| _version_ | 1797607227101544448 |
|---|---|
| author | Ricardo D. Martínez-Serrano Fabián Cuétara-Guadarrama Mireille Vonlanthen Javier Illescas Xiao-Xia Zhu Ernesto Rivera |
| author_facet | Ricardo D. Martínez-Serrano Fabián Cuétara-Guadarrama Mireille Vonlanthen Javier Illescas Xiao-Xia Zhu Ernesto Rivera |
| author_sort | Ricardo D. Martínez-Serrano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Frontal polymerization (FP) was used to prepare poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (PEGMA) fluorescent polymer hydrogels containing pyrenebutyl pendant groups as fluorescent probes. The polymerization procedure was carried out under solvent-free conditions, with different molar quantities of pyrenebutyl methyl ether methacrylate (PybuMA) and PEGMA, in the presence of tricaprylmethylammonium (Aliquat 336<sup>®</sup>) persulfate as a radical initiator. The obtained PEGPy hydrogels were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, confirming the effective incorporation of the PybuMA monomer into the polymer backbone. The thermal properties of the hydrogels were determined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). After immersing the hydrogels in deionized water at 25 °C and pH = 7, their swelling behavior was investigated by mass gain at different pH and temperature values. The introduction of PybuMA comonomer into the hydrogel resulted in a decreased swelling ability due to the hydrophobicity of PybuMA. The optical properties of PEGPy were determined by UV-visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. Both monomer and excimer emission bands were observed at 379–397 and 486 nm, respectively, and the fluorescence spectra of the PEGPy hydrogel series were recorded in different solvents to explore the coexistence of monomer and excimer emissions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:27:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dc3bd213aa044d7aa293c3dc21ba9e46 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:27:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-dc3bd213aa044d7aa293c3dc21ba9e462023-11-17T17:26:05ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-03-01157168710.3390/polym15071687Facile Obtainment of Fluorescent PEG Hydrogels Bearing Pyrene Groups by Frontal PolymerizationRicardo D. Martínez-Serrano0Fabián Cuétara-Guadarrama1Mireille Vonlanthen2Javier Illescas3Xiao-Xia Zhu4Ernesto Rivera5Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City CP 04510, MexicoInstituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City CP 04510, MexicoInstituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City CP 04510, MexicoTecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Toluca, Avenida Tecnológico S/N Col. Agrícola Bellavista, Metepec CP 52149, MexicoDépartement de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, CanadaInstituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City CP 04510, MexicoFrontal polymerization (FP) was used to prepare poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (PEGMA) fluorescent polymer hydrogels containing pyrenebutyl pendant groups as fluorescent probes. The polymerization procedure was carried out under solvent-free conditions, with different molar quantities of pyrenebutyl methyl ether methacrylate (PybuMA) and PEGMA, in the presence of tricaprylmethylammonium (Aliquat 336<sup>®</sup>) persulfate as a radical initiator. The obtained PEGPy hydrogels were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, confirming the effective incorporation of the PybuMA monomer into the polymer backbone. The thermal properties of the hydrogels were determined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). After immersing the hydrogels in deionized water at 25 °C and pH = 7, their swelling behavior was investigated by mass gain at different pH and temperature values. The introduction of PybuMA comonomer into the hydrogel resulted in a decreased swelling ability due to the hydrophobicity of PybuMA. The optical properties of PEGPy were determined by UV-visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. Both monomer and excimer emission bands were observed at 379–397 and 486 nm, respectively, and the fluorescence spectra of the PEGPy hydrogel series were recorded in different solvents to explore the coexistence of monomer and excimer emissions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/7/1687pyrenefrontal polymerizationhydrogelfluorescence |
| spellingShingle | Ricardo D. Martínez-Serrano Fabián Cuétara-Guadarrama Mireille Vonlanthen Javier Illescas Xiao-Xia Zhu Ernesto Rivera Facile Obtainment of Fluorescent PEG Hydrogels Bearing Pyrene Groups by Frontal Polymerization Polymers pyrene frontal polymerization hydrogel fluorescence |
| title | Facile Obtainment of Fluorescent PEG Hydrogels Bearing Pyrene Groups by Frontal Polymerization |
| title_full | Facile Obtainment of Fluorescent PEG Hydrogels Bearing Pyrene Groups by Frontal Polymerization |
| title_fullStr | Facile Obtainment of Fluorescent PEG Hydrogels Bearing Pyrene Groups by Frontal Polymerization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Facile Obtainment of Fluorescent PEG Hydrogels Bearing Pyrene Groups by Frontal Polymerization |
| title_short | Facile Obtainment of Fluorescent PEG Hydrogels Bearing Pyrene Groups by Frontal Polymerization |
| title_sort | facile obtainment of fluorescent peg hydrogels bearing pyrene groups by frontal polymerization |
| topic | pyrene frontal polymerization hydrogel fluorescence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/7/1687 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ricardodmartinezserrano facileobtainmentoffluorescentpeghydrogelsbearingpyrenegroupsbyfrontalpolymerization AT fabiancuetaraguadarrama facileobtainmentoffluorescentpeghydrogelsbearingpyrenegroupsbyfrontalpolymerization AT mireillevonlanthen facileobtainmentoffluorescentpeghydrogelsbearingpyrenegroupsbyfrontalpolymerization AT javierillescas facileobtainmentoffluorescentpeghydrogelsbearingpyrenegroupsbyfrontalpolymerization AT xiaoxiazhu facileobtainmentoffluorescentpeghydrogelsbearingpyrenegroupsbyfrontalpolymerization AT ernestorivera facileobtainmentoffluorescentpeghydrogelsbearingpyrenegroupsbyfrontalpolymerization |