Can Crude Oil Exploration Influence the Phytochemicals and Bioactivity of Medicinal Plants? A Case of Nigerian <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> and <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i>
The Nigerian Niger-Delta crude oil exploration often results in spills that affect indigenous medicinal plant biodiversity, likely changing the phytochemical profile of surviving species, their bioactivity or toxicity. In crude oil-rich Kokori and crude oil-free Abraka, classic examples of indigenou...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/23/8372 |
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| author | Oluwatofunmilayo A. Diyaolu Emmanuel T. Oluwabusola Alfred F. Attah Eric O. Olori Adeshola A. Fagbemi Gagan Preet Sylvia Soldatou Jones O. Moody Marcel Jaspars Rainer Ebel |
| author_facet | Oluwatofunmilayo A. Diyaolu Emmanuel T. Oluwabusola Alfred F. Attah Eric O. Olori Adeshola A. Fagbemi Gagan Preet Sylvia Soldatou Jones O. Moody Marcel Jaspars Rainer Ebel |
| author_sort | Oluwatofunmilayo A. Diyaolu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Nigerian Niger-Delta crude oil exploration often results in spills that affect indigenous medicinal plant biodiversity, likely changing the phytochemical profile of surviving species, their bioactivity or toxicity. In crude oil-rich Kokori and crude oil-free Abraka, classic examples of indigenous plants occupying the medicine-food interface include <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> (VAL) and <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> leaves (OGL). These plants are frequently utilised during pregnancy and in anaemia. To date, no scientific investigation has been reported on the potential changes to the phytochemical or bioactivity of the study plants. To discuss the similarities and dissimilarities in antisickling bioactivity and phytochemicals in VAL and OGL collected from Kokori (VAL-KK and OGL-KK) and Abraka (VAL-AB and OGL-AB), in silico, in vitro and comparative UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis was performed. Nine unique compounds were identified in OGL-KK, which have never been reported in the literature, while differences in antisickling potentials were observed in VAL-KK, OGL-KK and, VAL-AB, OGL-AB. Our findings show that VAL-AB and OGL-AB are richer and more diverse in phytochemicals and displayed a slightly higher antisickling activity than VAL-KK and OGL-KK. Ligand-based pharmacophore modelling was performed to understand the potential compounds better; this study may provide a basis for explaining the effect of crude oil spills on secondary metabolites and a reference for further research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:40:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dc3c229ebc9047beb6ae432b6eb93222 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:40:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-dc3c229ebc9047beb6ae432b6eb932222023-11-24T11:41:05ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-11-012723837210.3390/molecules27238372Can Crude Oil Exploration Influence the Phytochemicals and Bioactivity of Medicinal Plants? A Case of Nigerian <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> and <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i>Oluwatofunmilayo A. Diyaolu0Emmanuel T. Oluwabusola1Alfred F. Attah2Eric O. Olori3Adeshola A. Fagbemi4Gagan Preet5Sylvia Soldatou6Jones O. Moody7Marcel Jaspars8Rainer Ebel9Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UKMarine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UKDepartment of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin 240003, NigeriaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, NigeriaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lead City University, Ibadan 200255, NigeriaMarine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UKMarine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UKDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, NigeriaMarine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UKMarine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UKThe Nigerian Niger-Delta crude oil exploration often results in spills that affect indigenous medicinal plant biodiversity, likely changing the phytochemical profile of surviving species, their bioactivity or toxicity. In crude oil-rich Kokori and crude oil-free Abraka, classic examples of indigenous plants occupying the medicine-food interface include <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> (VAL) and <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> leaves (OGL). These plants are frequently utilised during pregnancy and in anaemia. To date, no scientific investigation has been reported on the potential changes to the phytochemical or bioactivity of the study plants. To discuss the similarities and dissimilarities in antisickling bioactivity and phytochemicals in VAL and OGL collected from Kokori (VAL-KK and OGL-KK) and Abraka (VAL-AB and OGL-AB), in silico, in vitro and comparative UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis was performed. Nine unique compounds were identified in OGL-KK, which have never been reported in the literature, while differences in antisickling potentials were observed in VAL-KK, OGL-KK and, VAL-AB, OGL-AB. Our findings show that VAL-AB and OGL-AB are richer and more diverse in phytochemicals and displayed a slightly higher antisickling activity than VAL-KK and OGL-KK. Ligand-based pharmacophore modelling was performed to understand the potential compounds better; this study may provide a basis for explaining the effect of crude oil spills on secondary metabolites and a reference for further research.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/23/8372<i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> leaves<i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> leavesUPLC-QTOF-MSsickle cell anaemiamolecular dockingmetabolomics |
| spellingShingle | Oluwatofunmilayo A. Diyaolu Emmanuel T. Oluwabusola Alfred F. Attah Eric O. Olori Adeshola A. Fagbemi Gagan Preet Sylvia Soldatou Jones O. Moody Marcel Jaspars Rainer Ebel Can Crude Oil Exploration Influence the Phytochemicals and Bioactivity of Medicinal Plants? A Case of Nigerian <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> and <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> Molecules <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> leaves <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> leaves UPLC-QTOF-MS sickle cell anaemia molecular docking metabolomics |
| title | Can Crude Oil Exploration Influence the Phytochemicals and Bioactivity of Medicinal Plants? A Case of Nigerian <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> and <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> |
| title_full | Can Crude Oil Exploration Influence the Phytochemicals and Bioactivity of Medicinal Plants? A Case of Nigerian <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> and <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> |
| title_fullStr | Can Crude Oil Exploration Influence the Phytochemicals and Bioactivity of Medicinal Plants? A Case of Nigerian <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> and <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Can Crude Oil Exploration Influence the Phytochemicals and Bioactivity of Medicinal Plants? A Case of Nigerian <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> and <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> |
| title_short | Can Crude Oil Exploration Influence the Phytochemicals and Bioactivity of Medicinal Plants? A Case of Nigerian <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> and <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> |
| title_sort | can crude oil exploration influence the phytochemicals and bioactivity of medicinal plants a case of nigerian i vernonia amygdalina i and i ocimum gratissimum i |
| topic | <i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> leaves <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> leaves UPLC-QTOF-MS sickle cell anaemia molecular docking metabolomics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/23/8372 |
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