The Subcellular Distribution of Alpha-Tocopherol in the Adult Primate Brain and Its Relationship with Membrane Arachidonic Acid and Its Oxidation Products
The relationship between α-tocopherol, a known antioxidant, and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) oxidation, has not been directly investigated in the primate brain. This study characterized the membrane distribution of α-tocopherol in brain regions and investigated the association between membrane...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2017-11-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/6/4/97 |
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| author | Emily S. Mohn Matthew J. Kuchan John W. Erdman Martha Neuringer Nirupa R. Matthan Chung-Yen Oliver Chen Elizabeth J. Johnson |
| author_facet | Emily S. Mohn Matthew J. Kuchan John W. Erdman Martha Neuringer Nirupa R. Matthan Chung-Yen Oliver Chen Elizabeth J. Johnson |
| author_sort | Emily S. Mohn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The relationship between α-tocopherol, a known antioxidant, and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) oxidation, has not been directly investigated in the primate brain. This study characterized the membrane distribution of α-tocopherol in brain regions and investigated the association between membrane α-tocopherol and PUFA content, as well as brain PUFA oxidation products. Nuclear, myelin, mitochondrial, and neuronal membranes were isolated using a density gradient from the prefrontal cortex (PFC), cerebellum (CER), striatum (ST), and hippocampus (HC) of adult rhesus monkeys (n = 9), fed a stock diet containing vitamin E (α-, γ-tocopherol intake: ~0.7 µmol/kg body weight/day, ~5 µmol/kg body weight/day, respectively). α-tocopherol, PUFAs, and PUFA oxidation products were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-GC/MS) respectively. α-Tocopherol (ng/mg protein) was highest in nuclear membranes (p < 0.05) for all regions except HC. In PFC and ST, arachidonic acid (AA, µg/mg protein) had a similar membrane distribution to α-tocopherol. Total α-tocopherol concentrations were inversely associated with AA oxidation products (isoprostanes) (p < 0.05), but not docosahexaenoic acid oxidation products (neuroprostanes). This study reports novel data on α-tocopherol accumulation in primate brain regions and membranes and provides evidence that α-tocopherol and AA are similarly distributed in PFC and ST membranes, which may reflect a protective effect of α-tocopherol against AA oxidation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T19:13:32Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T19:13:32Z |
| publishDate | 2017-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-dc55713ab5fb402f8e26fa67137eaea82023-08-02T05:39:50ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212017-11-01649710.3390/antiox6040097antiox6040097The Subcellular Distribution of Alpha-Tocopherol in the Adult Primate Brain and Its Relationship with Membrane Arachidonic Acid and Its Oxidation ProductsEmily S. Mohn0Matthew J. Kuchan1John W. Erdman2Martha Neuringer3Nirupa R. Matthan4Chung-Yen Oliver Chen5Elizabeth J. Johnson6Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USADiscovery Research, Abbott Nutrition, Columbus, OH 43229, USADepartment of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USAOregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USAJean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USAJean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USAJean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USAThe relationship between α-tocopherol, a known antioxidant, and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) oxidation, has not been directly investigated in the primate brain. This study characterized the membrane distribution of α-tocopherol in brain regions and investigated the association between membrane α-tocopherol and PUFA content, as well as brain PUFA oxidation products. Nuclear, myelin, mitochondrial, and neuronal membranes were isolated using a density gradient from the prefrontal cortex (PFC), cerebellum (CER), striatum (ST), and hippocampus (HC) of adult rhesus monkeys (n = 9), fed a stock diet containing vitamin E (α-, γ-tocopherol intake: ~0.7 µmol/kg body weight/day, ~5 µmol/kg body weight/day, respectively). α-tocopherol, PUFAs, and PUFA oxidation products were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-GC/MS) respectively. α-Tocopherol (ng/mg protein) was highest in nuclear membranes (p < 0.05) for all regions except HC. In PFC and ST, arachidonic acid (AA, µg/mg protein) had a similar membrane distribution to α-tocopherol. Total α-tocopherol concentrations were inversely associated with AA oxidation products (isoprostanes) (p < 0.05), but not docosahexaenoic acid oxidation products (neuroprostanes). This study reports novel data on α-tocopherol accumulation in primate brain regions and membranes and provides evidence that α-tocopherol and AA are similarly distributed in PFC and ST membranes, which may reflect a protective effect of α-tocopherol against AA oxidation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/6/4/97α-tocopherolbrainmembranesarachidonic acidisoprostanesrhesus monkey |
| spellingShingle | Emily S. Mohn Matthew J. Kuchan John W. Erdman Martha Neuringer Nirupa R. Matthan Chung-Yen Oliver Chen Elizabeth J. Johnson The Subcellular Distribution of Alpha-Tocopherol in the Adult Primate Brain and Its Relationship with Membrane Arachidonic Acid and Its Oxidation Products Antioxidants α-tocopherol brain membranes arachidonic acid isoprostanes rhesus monkey |
| title | The Subcellular Distribution of Alpha-Tocopherol in the Adult Primate Brain and Its Relationship with Membrane Arachidonic Acid and Its Oxidation Products |
| title_full | The Subcellular Distribution of Alpha-Tocopherol in the Adult Primate Brain and Its Relationship with Membrane Arachidonic Acid and Its Oxidation Products |
| title_fullStr | The Subcellular Distribution of Alpha-Tocopherol in the Adult Primate Brain and Its Relationship with Membrane Arachidonic Acid and Its Oxidation Products |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Subcellular Distribution of Alpha-Tocopherol in the Adult Primate Brain and Its Relationship with Membrane Arachidonic Acid and Its Oxidation Products |
| title_short | The Subcellular Distribution of Alpha-Tocopherol in the Adult Primate Brain and Its Relationship with Membrane Arachidonic Acid and Its Oxidation Products |
| title_sort | subcellular distribution of alpha tocopherol in the adult primate brain and its relationship with membrane arachidonic acid and its oxidation products |
| topic | α-tocopherol brain membranes arachidonic acid isoprostanes rhesus monkey |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/6/4/97 |
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