Humans and great apes share increased neocortical neuropeptide Y innervation compared to other haplorhine primates
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays a role in a variety of basic physiological functions and has also been implicated in regulating cognition, including learning and memory. A decrease in neocortical NPY has been reported for Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression, potentially c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00101/full |
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| author | Mary Ann eRaghanti Melissa K. Edler Richard S. Meindl Jessica eSudduth Tatiana eBohush Joseph M. Erwin Cheryl D. Stimpson Patrick R Hof Patrick R Hof Chet C Sherwood |
| author_facet | Mary Ann eRaghanti Melissa K. Edler Richard S. Meindl Jessica eSudduth Tatiana eBohush Joseph M. Erwin Cheryl D. Stimpson Patrick R Hof Patrick R Hof Chet C Sherwood |
| author_sort | Mary Ann eRaghanti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays a role in a variety of basic physiological functions and has also been implicated in regulating cognition, including learning and memory. A decrease in neocortical NPY has been reported for Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression, potentially contributing to associated cognitive deficits. The goal of the present analysis was to examine variation in neocortical NPY-immunoreactive axon and varicosity density among haplorhine primates (monkeys, apes, and humans). Stereologic methods were used to measure the ratios of NPY-expressing axon length density to total neuron density (ALv/Nv) and NPY-immunoreactive varicosity density to neuron density (Vv/Nv), as well as the mean varicosity spacing in neocortical areas 10, 24, 44, and 22 (Tpt) of humans, African great apes, New World monkeys, and Old World monkeys. Humans and great apes showed increased cortical NPY innervation relative to monkey species for ALv/Nv and Vv/Nv. Furthermore, humans and great apes displayed a conserved pattern of varicosity spacing across cortical areas and layers, with no differences between cortical layers or among cortical areas. These phylogenetic differences may be related to shared life history variables and may reflect specific cognitive abilities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:12:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dca2b8079f4f4ef9a8783bac89088c11 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:12:20Z |
| publishDate | 2014-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-dca2b8079f4f4ef9a8783bac89088c112022-12-22T00:13:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612014-02-01810.3389/fnhum.2014.0010177478Humans and great apes share increased neocortical neuropeptide Y innervation compared to other haplorhine primatesMary Ann eRaghanti0Melissa K. Edler1Richard S. Meindl2Jessica eSudduth3Tatiana eBohush4Joseph M. Erwin5Cheryl D. Stimpson6Patrick R Hof7Patrick R Hof8Chet C Sherwood9Kent State UniversityKent State UniversityKent State UniversityKent State UniversityKent State UniversityThe George Washington UniversityThe George Washington UniversityIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York Consortium in Evolutionary PrimatologyThe George Washington UniversityNeuropeptide Y (NPY) plays a role in a variety of basic physiological functions and has also been implicated in regulating cognition, including learning and memory. A decrease in neocortical NPY has been reported for Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression, potentially contributing to associated cognitive deficits. The goal of the present analysis was to examine variation in neocortical NPY-immunoreactive axon and varicosity density among haplorhine primates (monkeys, apes, and humans). Stereologic methods were used to measure the ratios of NPY-expressing axon length density to total neuron density (ALv/Nv) and NPY-immunoreactive varicosity density to neuron density (Vv/Nv), as well as the mean varicosity spacing in neocortical areas 10, 24, 44, and 22 (Tpt) of humans, African great apes, New World monkeys, and Old World monkeys. Humans and great apes showed increased cortical NPY innervation relative to monkey species for ALv/Nv and Vv/Nv. Furthermore, humans and great apes displayed a conserved pattern of varicosity spacing across cortical areas and layers, with no differences between cortical layers or among cortical areas. These phylogenetic differences may be related to shared life history variables and may reflect specific cognitive abilities.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00101/fullNPYPrimate EvolutionBroca’s areaWernicke’s areacortical neuropeptide y |
| spellingShingle | Mary Ann eRaghanti Melissa K. Edler Richard S. Meindl Jessica eSudduth Tatiana eBohush Joseph M. Erwin Cheryl D. Stimpson Patrick R Hof Patrick R Hof Chet C Sherwood Humans and great apes share increased neocortical neuropeptide Y innervation compared to other haplorhine primates Frontiers in Human Neuroscience NPY Primate Evolution Broca’s area Wernicke’s area cortical neuropeptide y |
| title | Humans and great apes share increased neocortical neuropeptide Y innervation compared to other haplorhine primates |
| title_full | Humans and great apes share increased neocortical neuropeptide Y innervation compared to other haplorhine primates |
| title_fullStr | Humans and great apes share increased neocortical neuropeptide Y innervation compared to other haplorhine primates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Humans and great apes share increased neocortical neuropeptide Y innervation compared to other haplorhine primates |
| title_short | Humans and great apes share increased neocortical neuropeptide Y innervation compared to other haplorhine primates |
| title_sort | humans and great apes share increased neocortical neuropeptide y innervation compared to other haplorhine primates |
| topic | NPY Primate Evolution Broca’s area Wernicke’s area cortical neuropeptide y |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00101/full |
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