Heterogeneous Reaction Model for Evaluating the Kinetics of Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse
The abundance of sugarcane bagasse, a by-product of sugarcane juice extraction in sugar factories, serves as an advantage of its potential for producing chemicals such as levulinic acid (LA). Levulinic acid contains carbonyl and carboxyl groups that can be utilized for many applications, such as...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universitas Indonesia
2023-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ijtech.eng.ui.ac.id/article/view/5110 |
| _version_ | 1827973741191102464 |
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| author | Meutia Ermina Toif Muslikhin Hidayat Rochmadi Arief Budiman |
| author_facet | Meutia Ermina Toif Muslikhin Hidayat Rochmadi Arief Budiman |
| author_sort | Meutia Ermina Toif |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The abundance of
sugarcane bagasse, a by-product of sugarcane juice extraction in sugar
factories, serves as an advantage of its potential for producing chemicals such
as levulinic acid (LA). Levulinic acid contains carbonyl and carboxyl groups
that can be utilized for many applications, such as pharmacies, cosmetics, and
solvents. Bagasse hydrolysis into LA was preceded by alkaline-acid pretreatment
to separate cellulose from hemicellulose and lignin. This treatment could
minimize the disturbance of these unwanted components, so that LA synthesis
would be more optimal. Pretreated bagasse contained 82.64% cellulose, about
two-fold from the non-pretreated one. It was hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid
(HCl), which acts as a catalyst (a Bronsted acid), at 150-170 oC,
0.1-1 M catalyst concentration, 1-10% solid-to-liquid
(cellulose:catalyst-solution) ratio, and 0-200 minutes reaction time. The range
of LA yield values obtained in the study
were between 15-64.05%. The maximum LA yield was obtained at a temperature of
160 oC, 1 M catalyst concentration, and 1% solid-to-liquid ratio.
The high LA yield indicates the importance of pretreatment supported by optimal
conditions of synthetic reaction. The reaction route involved in hydrolysis was
cellulose-glucose-levoglucosan (LG)-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)-LA. The result
exhibits that temperature and catalyst concentration do not significantly affect
the maximum potential LA yield. However, higher temperatures and catalyst
concentration can accelerate the time to achieve the maximum potential LA
yield. Meanwhile, the LA yield increases with a lower solid-to-liquid ratio. In
contrast to previous studies, this study evaluated the reaction model in a more
precise way using combination of models, considering that the reaction occurs
between solid and liquid. The heterogeneous reaction model, namely the
shrinking core model (SCM) for cellulose conversion to glucose and the
first-order homogeneous reaction model for glucose to LA reaction, give good
fitting results. The more appropriate reaction model is expected to be the
basis of scale-up process carried out for industry one day. The results of this
research have the potential to be applied for various other biomass raw
materials with some improvements based on their characteristics which can be
studied in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:42:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dcb1dd0c5afd421b9cbcd9c9f7636024 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2086-9614 2087-2100 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:42:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Universitas Indonesia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-dcb1dd0c5afd421b9cbcd9c9f76360242023-04-04T05:09:16ZengUniversitas IndonesiaInternational Journal of Technology2086-96142087-21002023-04-0114230030910.14716/ijtech.v14i2.51105110Heterogeneous Reaction Model for Evaluating the Kinetics of Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Pretreated Sugarcane BagasseMeutia Ermina Toif0Muslikhin Hidayat1Rochmadi2Arief Budiman31. LPP Agro Nusantara, Jalan LPP No. 1 Yogyakarta 55222, Indonesia, 2. Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55166, IndoneChemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55166, IndonesiaChemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55166, Indonesia1. Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55166, Indonesia, 2. Master Program in System Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada,The abundance of sugarcane bagasse, a by-product of sugarcane juice extraction in sugar factories, serves as an advantage of its potential for producing chemicals such as levulinic acid (LA). Levulinic acid contains carbonyl and carboxyl groups that can be utilized for many applications, such as pharmacies, cosmetics, and solvents. Bagasse hydrolysis into LA was preceded by alkaline-acid pretreatment to separate cellulose from hemicellulose and lignin. This treatment could minimize the disturbance of these unwanted components, so that LA synthesis would be more optimal. Pretreated bagasse contained 82.64% cellulose, about two-fold from the non-pretreated one. It was hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid (HCl), which acts as a catalyst (a Bronsted acid), at 150-170 oC, 0.1-1 M catalyst concentration, 1-10% solid-to-liquid (cellulose:catalyst-solution) ratio, and 0-200 minutes reaction time. The range of LA yield values obtained in the study were between 15-64.05%. The maximum LA yield was obtained at a temperature of 160 oC, 1 M catalyst concentration, and 1% solid-to-liquid ratio. The high LA yield indicates the importance of pretreatment supported by optimal conditions of synthetic reaction. The reaction route involved in hydrolysis was cellulose-glucose-levoglucosan (LG)-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)-LA. The result exhibits that temperature and catalyst concentration do not significantly affect the maximum potential LA yield. However, higher temperatures and catalyst concentration can accelerate the time to achieve the maximum potential LA yield. Meanwhile, the LA yield increases with a lower solid-to-liquid ratio. In contrast to previous studies, this study evaluated the reaction model in a more precise way using combination of models, considering that the reaction occurs between solid and liquid. The heterogeneous reaction model, namely the shrinking core model (SCM) for cellulose conversion to glucose and the first-order homogeneous reaction model for glucose to LA reaction, give good fitting results. The more appropriate reaction model is expected to be the basis of scale-up process carried out for industry one day. The results of this research have the potential to be applied for various other biomass raw materials with some improvements based on their characteristics which can be studied in the future.https://ijtech.eng.ui.ac.id/article/view/5110heterogeneous reaction modelhydrolysislevulinic acidpretreatmentsugarcane bagasse |
| spellingShingle | Meutia Ermina Toif Muslikhin Hidayat Rochmadi Arief Budiman Heterogeneous Reaction Model for Evaluating the Kinetics of Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse International Journal of Technology heterogeneous reaction model hydrolysis levulinic acid pretreatment sugarcane bagasse |
| title | Heterogeneous Reaction Model for Evaluating the Kinetics of Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse |
| title_full | Heterogeneous Reaction Model for Evaluating the Kinetics of Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse |
| title_fullStr | Heterogeneous Reaction Model for Evaluating the Kinetics of Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heterogeneous Reaction Model for Evaluating the Kinetics of Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse |
| title_short | Heterogeneous Reaction Model for Evaluating the Kinetics of Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse |
| title_sort | heterogeneous reaction model for evaluating the kinetics of levulinic acid synthesis from pretreated sugarcane bagasse |
| topic | heterogeneous reaction model hydrolysis levulinic acid pretreatment sugarcane bagasse |
| url | https://ijtech.eng.ui.ac.id/article/view/5110 |
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