A Flexible Wireless Sacral Nerve Stimulator Based on Parity–Time Symmetry Condition
Lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) has a great effect on patients’ daily life and mental health. Currently, the most mature invasive treatment is sacral neuromodulation (SNM) that needs to be implanted into buttocks and work for 1–2 years. However, most existing SNM stimulators use disposable ba...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | Electronics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/2/292 |
| _version_ | 1797344247658053632 |
|---|---|
| author | Yue Ying Yanlan Yu Shurong Dong Guoqing Ding Weipeng Xuan Feng Gao Hao Jin Jikui Luo |
| author_facet | Yue Ying Yanlan Yu Shurong Dong Guoqing Ding Weipeng Xuan Feng Gao Hao Jin Jikui Luo |
| author_sort | Yue Ying |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) has a great effect on patients’ daily life and mental health. Currently, the most mature invasive treatment is sacral neuromodulation (SNM) that needs to be implanted into buttocks and work for 1–2 years. However, most existing SNM stimulators use disposable batteries with a limited lifespan. And existing stimulators are rigid and lack biomechanical compatibility. To address the above problems, wireless power transferring (WPT) is proposed for SNM based on parity–time (PT) symmetry principle to meet buttocks application requirements, where has thick fat and skin tissue. The receiver coil in the SNM stimulator is designed to be as small and flexible as possible to fit implantation. PT technology allows for efficient and stable wireless power transmission without being significantly affected by the misalignment and bending caused by body movement and can penetrate 15 mm fat–skin tissue and achieve 78% transmission efficiency. Furthermore, the flexible wireless sacral nerve stimulator is developed, and the effectiveness of the system is verified. The system could potentially reduce patient discomfort because the implanted device is flexible and can output a stable voltage stimulation signal. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:59:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dcdd94b431144b59ba65935d9c4f3f83 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:59:36Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-dcdd94b431144b59ba65935d9c4f3f832024-01-26T16:13:08ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922024-01-0113229210.3390/electronics13020292A Flexible Wireless Sacral Nerve Stimulator Based on Parity–Time Symmetry ConditionYue Ying0Yanlan Yu1Shurong Dong2Guoqing Ding3Weipeng Xuan4Feng Gao5Hao Jin6Jikui Luo7College of ISEE, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaDepartment of Urology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaCollege of ISEE, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaDepartment of Urology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaCollege of ISEE, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaCollege of ISEE, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaCollege of ISEE, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaCollege of ISEE, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, ChinaLower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) has a great effect on patients’ daily life and mental health. Currently, the most mature invasive treatment is sacral neuromodulation (SNM) that needs to be implanted into buttocks and work for 1–2 years. However, most existing SNM stimulators use disposable batteries with a limited lifespan. And existing stimulators are rigid and lack biomechanical compatibility. To address the above problems, wireless power transferring (WPT) is proposed for SNM based on parity–time (PT) symmetry principle to meet buttocks application requirements, where has thick fat and skin tissue. The receiver coil in the SNM stimulator is designed to be as small and flexible as possible to fit implantation. PT technology allows for efficient and stable wireless power transmission without being significantly affected by the misalignment and bending caused by body movement and can penetrate 15 mm fat–skin tissue and achieve 78% transmission efficiency. Furthermore, the flexible wireless sacral nerve stimulator is developed, and the effectiveness of the system is verified. The system could potentially reduce patient discomfort because the implanted device is flexible and can output a stable voltage stimulation signal.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/2/292sacral neuromodulation stimulatorswireless power transferparity–time symmetryflexible |
| spellingShingle | Yue Ying Yanlan Yu Shurong Dong Guoqing Ding Weipeng Xuan Feng Gao Hao Jin Jikui Luo A Flexible Wireless Sacral Nerve Stimulator Based on Parity–Time Symmetry Condition Electronics sacral neuromodulation stimulators wireless power transfer parity–time symmetry flexible |
| title | A Flexible Wireless Sacral Nerve Stimulator Based on Parity–Time Symmetry Condition |
| title_full | A Flexible Wireless Sacral Nerve Stimulator Based on Parity–Time Symmetry Condition |
| title_fullStr | A Flexible Wireless Sacral Nerve Stimulator Based on Parity–Time Symmetry Condition |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Flexible Wireless Sacral Nerve Stimulator Based on Parity–Time Symmetry Condition |
| title_short | A Flexible Wireless Sacral Nerve Stimulator Based on Parity–Time Symmetry Condition |
| title_sort | flexible wireless sacral nerve stimulator based on parity time symmetry condition |
| topic | sacral neuromodulation stimulators wireless power transfer parity–time symmetry flexible |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/2/292 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yueying aflexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT yanlanyu aflexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT shurongdong aflexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT guoqingding aflexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT weipengxuan aflexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT fenggao aflexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT haojin aflexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT jikuiluo aflexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT yueying flexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT yanlanyu flexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT shurongdong flexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT guoqingding flexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT weipengxuan flexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT fenggao flexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT haojin flexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition AT jikuiluo flexiblewirelesssacralnervestimulatorbasedonparitytimesymmetrycondition |