The Impact of Cavities in Different Thermal Applications of Nanofluids: A Review
Nanofluids and nanotechnology are very important in enhancing heat transfer due to the thermal conductivity of their nanoparticles, which play a vital role in heat transfer applications. Researchers have used cavities filled with nanofluids for two decades to increase the heat-transfer rate. This re...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/6/1131 |
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| author | Mudasar Zafar Hamzah Sakidin Mikhail Sheremet Iskandar Dzulkarnain Roslinda Mohd Nazar Abida Hussain Zafar Said Farkhanda Afzal Abdullah Al-Yaari Muhammad Saad Khan Javed Akbar Khan |
| author_facet | Mudasar Zafar Hamzah Sakidin Mikhail Sheremet Iskandar Dzulkarnain Roslinda Mohd Nazar Abida Hussain Zafar Said Farkhanda Afzal Abdullah Al-Yaari Muhammad Saad Khan Javed Akbar Khan |
| author_sort | Mudasar Zafar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanofluids and nanotechnology are very important in enhancing heat transfer due to the thermal conductivity of their nanoparticles, which play a vital role in heat transfer applications. Researchers have used cavities filled with nanofluids for two decades to increase the heat-transfer rate. This review also highlights a variety of theoretical and experimentally measured cavities by exploring the following parameters: the significance of cavities in nanofluids, the effects of nanoparticle concentration and nanoparticle material, the influence of the inclination angle of cavities, heater and cooler effects, and magnetic field effects in cavities. The different shapes of the cavities have several advantages in multiple applications, e.g., L-shaped cavities used in the cooling systems of nuclear and chemical reactors and electronic components. Open cavities such as ellipsoidal, triangular, trapezoidal, and hexagonal are applied in electronic equipment cooling, building heating and cooling, and automotive applications. Appropriate cavity design conserves energy and produces attractive heat-transfer rates. Circular microchannel heat exchangers perform best. Despite the high performance of circular cavities in micro heat exchangers, square cavities have more applications. The use of nanofluids has been found to improve thermal performance in all the cavities studied. According to the experimental data, nanofluid use has been proven to be a dependable solution for enhancing thermal efficiency. To improve performance, it is suggested that research focus on different shapes of nanoparticles less than 10 nm with the same design of the cavities in microchannel heat exchangers and solar collectors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:05:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dced6454bcc14f0cbe12b32d84334d21 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:05:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-dced6454bcc14f0cbe12b32d84334d212023-11-17T13:01:58ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912023-03-01136113110.3390/nano13061131The Impact of Cavities in Different Thermal Applications of Nanofluids: A ReviewMudasar Zafar0Hamzah Sakidin1Mikhail Sheremet2Iskandar Dzulkarnain3Roslinda Mohd Nazar4Abida Hussain5Zafar Said6Farkhanda Afzal7Abdullah Al-Yaari8Muhammad Saad Khan9Javed Akbar Khan10Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, MalaysiaDepartment of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, MalaysiaLaboratory on Convective Heat and Mass Transfer, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaCenter for Research in Enhanced Oil Recovery, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, MalaysiaDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, MalaysiaDepartment of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, MalaysiaDepartment of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Humanities and Basic Sciences, MCS, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, MalaysiaCO<sub>2</sub> Research Center, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, MalaysiaInstitute of Hydrocarbon Recovery, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, MalaysiaNanofluids and nanotechnology are very important in enhancing heat transfer due to the thermal conductivity of their nanoparticles, which play a vital role in heat transfer applications. Researchers have used cavities filled with nanofluids for two decades to increase the heat-transfer rate. This review also highlights a variety of theoretical and experimentally measured cavities by exploring the following parameters: the significance of cavities in nanofluids, the effects of nanoparticle concentration and nanoparticle material, the influence of the inclination angle of cavities, heater and cooler effects, and magnetic field effects in cavities. The different shapes of the cavities have several advantages in multiple applications, e.g., L-shaped cavities used in the cooling systems of nuclear and chemical reactors and electronic components. Open cavities such as ellipsoidal, triangular, trapezoidal, and hexagonal are applied in electronic equipment cooling, building heating and cooling, and automotive applications. Appropriate cavity design conserves energy and produces attractive heat-transfer rates. Circular microchannel heat exchangers perform best. Despite the high performance of circular cavities in micro heat exchangers, square cavities have more applications. The use of nanofluids has been found to improve thermal performance in all the cavities studied. According to the experimental data, nanofluid use has been proven to be a dependable solution for enhancing thermal efficiency. To improve performance, it is suggested that research focus on different shapes of nanoparticles less than 10 nm with the same design of the cavities in microchannel heat exchangers and solar collectors.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/6/1131cavitiesmicrochannel heat exchangersnanoparticlessolar collectorheat transfermagnetic field |
| spellingShingle | Mudasar Zafar Hamzah Sakidin Mikhail Sheremet Iskandar Dzulkarnain Roslinda Mohd Nazar Abida Hussain Zafar Said Farkhanda Afzal Abdullah Al-Yaari Muhammad Saad Khan Javed Akbar Khan The Impact of Cavities in Different Thermal Applications of Nanofluids: A Review Nanomaterials cavities microchannel heat exchangers nanoparticles solar collector heat transfer magnetic field |
| title | The Impact of Cavities in Different Thermal Applications of Nanofluids: A Review |
| title_full | The Impact of Cavities in Different Thermal Applications of Nanofluids: A Review |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Cavities in Different Thermal Applications of Nanofluids: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Cavities in Different Thermal Applications of Nanofluids: A Review |
| title_short | The Impact of Cavities in Different Thermal Applications of Nanofluids: A Review |
| title_sort | impact of cavities in different thermal applications of nanofluids a review |
| topic | cavities microchannel heat exchangers nanoparticles solar collector heat transfer magnetic field |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/6/1131 |
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