A participatory and comprehensive intervention to improve violence prevention in two high-risk occupations: effect and process evaluation of a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial
Abstract Background Work-related violence committed by clients, patients, and customers represents a major occupational health risk for employees that needs to be reduced. Methods We tested a comprehensive violence prevention intervention involving active participation of both employees and managers...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18527-5 |
| _version_ | 1827253872413900800 |
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| author | Lars Peter Andersen S. Jaspers D. Andersen I. Karlsen B. Aust |
| author_facet | Lars Peter Andersen S. Jaspers D. Andersen I. Karlsen B. Aust |
| author_sort | Lars Peter Andersen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Work-related violence committed by clients, patients, and customers represents a major occupational health risk for employees that needs to be reduced. Methods We tested a comprehensive violence prevention intervention involving active participation of both employees and managers in the Prison and Probation Service (PPS) and on psychiatric wards in Denmark. We used a stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial design. We measured the degree of implementation of the intervention by registration of fidelity, reach, and dose and used a mixed-effects regression analysis to estimate the effects of the intervention. Results We recruited 16 work units for the intervention, but three work units dropped out. The average implementation rate was 73%. In the psychiatric wards, the intervention led to statistically significant improvements in the primary outcome (an increase in the degree to which managers and employees continuously work on violence prevention practices based on their registration and experiences), but none statistically significant improvements in any of the secondary outcomes. In the PPS units, the intervention did not lead to a statistically significant improvement in the primary outcome, but to statistically significant improvements in three secondary outcomes. Conclusion Most work units were able to carry out the intervention as planned. The intervention showed mixed results regarding the primary outcome. Nevertheless, the results indicate improvements also in the sector where a change in the primary outcome was not achieved. The results point at that a participatory and comprehensive approach could be a viable way of working with violence prevention in high-risk workplaces. Trial registration ISRCTN86993466: 20/12/2017 |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T07:11:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dcfe48c53905429fa65f3f64895d902f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-22T00:58:07Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-dcfe48c53905429fa65f3f64895d902f2024-05-12T11:36:00ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582024-04-0124111410.1186/s12889-024-18527-5A participatory and comprehensive intervention to improve violence prevention in two high-risk occupations: effect and process evaluation of a stepped wedge cluster randomised trialLars Peter Andersen0S. Jaspers1D. Andersen2I. Karlsen3B. Aust4Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, University Research Clinic, Goedstrup HospitalThe National Research Centre for the Working EnvironmentDepartment of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, University Research Clinic, Goedstrup HospitalThe National Research Centre for the Working EnvironmentThe National Research Centre for the Working EnvironmentAbstract Background Work-related violence committed by clients, patients, and customers represents a major occupational health risk for employees that needs to be reduced. Methods We tested a comprehensive violence prevention intervention involving active participation of both employees and managers in the Prison and Probation Service (PPS) and on psychiatric wards in Denmark. We used a stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial design. We measured the degree of implementation of the intervention by registration of fidelity, reach, and dose and used a mixed-effects regression analysis to estimate the effects of the intervention. Results We recruited 16 work units for the intervention, but three work units dropped out. The average implementation rate was 73%. In the psychiatric wards, the intervention led to statistically significant improvements in the primary outcome (an increase in the degree to which managers and employees continuously work on violence prevention practices based on their registration and experiences), but none statistically significant improvements in any of the secondary outcomes. In the PPS units, the intervention did not lead to a statistically significant improvement in the primary outcome, but to statistically significant improvements in three secondary outcomes. Conclusion Most work units were able to carry out the intervention as planned. The intervention showed mixed results regarding the primary outcome. Nevertheless, the results indicate improvements also in the sector where a change in the primary outcome was not achieved. The results point at that a participatory and comprehensive approach could be a viable way of working with violence prevention in high-risk workplaces. Trial registration ISRCTN86993466: 20/12/2017https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18527-5Work-related violence and threatsEmployee participationComprehensive violence preventionImplementation |
| spellingShingle | Lars Peter Andersen S. Jaspers D. Andersen I. Karlsen B. Aust A participatory and comprehensive intervention to improve violence prevention in two high-risk occupations: effect and process evaluation of a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial BMC Public Health Work-related violence and threats Employee participation Comprehensive violence prevention Implementation |
| title | A participatory and comprehensive intervention to improve violence prevention in two high-risk occupations: effect and process evaluation of a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial |
| title_full | A participatory and comprehensive intervention to improve violence prevention in two high-risk occupations: effect and process evaluation of a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial |
| title_fullStr | A participatory and comprehensive intervention to improve violence prevention in two high-risk occupations: effect and process evaluation of a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | A participatory and comprehensive intervention to improve violence prevention in two high-risk occupations: effect and process evaluation of a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial |
| title_short | A participatory and comprehensive intervention to improve violence prevention in two high-risk occupations: effect and process evaluation of a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial |
| title_sort | participatory and comprehensive intervention to improve violence prevention in two high risk occupations effect and process evaluation of a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial |
| topic | Work-related violence and threats Employee participation Comprehensive violence prevention Implementation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18527-5 |
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