Current Treatment Approach, Emerging Therapies and New Horizons in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the prototype of systemic autoimmune diseases is characterized by extreme heterogeneity with a variable clinical course. Renal involvement may be observed and affects the outcome. Hydroxychloroquine should be administered to every lupus patient irrespective of org...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/7/1496 |
| _version_ | 1797588593675337728 |
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| author | Panagiotis Athanassiou Lambros Athanassiou |
| author_facet | Panagiotis Athanassiou Lambros Athanassiou |
| author_sort | Panagiotis Athanassiou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the prototype of systemic autoimmune diseases is characterized by extreme heterogeneity with a variable clinical course. Renal involvement may be observed and affects the outcome. Hydroxychloroquine should be administered to every lupus patient irrespective of organ involvement. Conventional immunosuppressive therapy includes corticosteroids, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, cyclosporine and tacrolimus. However, despite conventional immunosuppressive treatment, flares occur and broad immunosuppression is accompanied by multiple side effects. Flare occurrence, target organ involvement, side effects of broad immunosuppression and increased knowledge of the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in SLE pathogenesis as well as the availability of biologic agents has led to the application of biologic agents in SLE management. Biologic agents targeting various pathogenetic paths have been applied. B cell targeting agents have been used successfully. Belimumab, a B cell targeting agent, has been approved for the treatment of SLE. Rituximab, an anti-CD20 targeting agent is also used in SLE. Anifrolumab, an interferon I receptor-targeting agent has beneficial effects on SLE. In conclusion, biologic treatment is applied in SLE and should be further evaluated with the aim of a good treatment response and a significant improvement in quality of life. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:55:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dd07e33aafbc48949f35c4ac45dffc4f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:55:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-dd07e33aafbc48949f35c4ac45dffc4f2023-11-18T20:09:18ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292023-07-01137149610.3390/life13071496Current Treatment Approach, Emerging Therapies and New Horizons in Systemic Lupus ErythematosusPanagiotis Athanassiou0Lambros Athanassiou1Department of Rheumatology, St. Paul’s Hospital, GR55134 Thessaloniki, GreeceDepartment of Rheumatology, Asclepeion Hospital, Voula, GR16673 Athens, GreeceSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the prototype of systemic autoimmune diseases is characterized by extreme heterogeneity with a variable clinical course. Renal involvement may be observed and affects the outcome. Hydroxychloroquine should be administered to every lupus patient irrespective of organ involvement. Conventional immunosuppressive therapy includes corticosteroids, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, cyclosporine and tacrolimus. However, despite conventional immunosuppressive treatment, flares occur and broad immunosuppression is accompanied by multiple side effects. Flare occurrence, target organ involvement, side effects of broad immunosuppression and increased knowledge of the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in SLE pathogenesis as well as the availability of biologic agents has led to the application of biologic agents in SLE management. Biologic agents targeting various pathogenetic paths have been applied. B cell targeting agents have been used successfully. Belimumab, a B cell targeting agent, has been approved for the treatment of SLE. Rituximab, an anti-CD20 targeting agent is also used in SLE. Anifrolumab, an interferon I receptor-targeting agent has beneficial effects on SLE. In conclusion, biologic treatment is applied in SLE and should be further evaluated with the aim of a good treatment response and a significant improvement in quality of life.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/7/1496systemic lupus erythematosustreatmenthydroxychloroquinecorticosteroidsbiologic agentsbelimumab |
| spellingShingle | Panagiotis Athanassiou Lambros Athanassiou Current Treatment Approach, Emerging Therapies and New Horizons in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Life systemic lupus erythematosus treatment hydroxychloroquine corticosteroids biologic agents belimumab |
| title | Current Treatment Approach, Emerging Therapies and New Horizons in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_full | Current Treatment Approach, Emerging Therapies and New Horizons in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_fullStr | Current Treatment Approach, Emerging Therapies and New Horizons in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Current Treatment Approach, Emerging Therapies and New Horizons in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_short | Current Treatment Approach, Emerging Therapies and New Horizons in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_sort | current treatment approach emerging therapies and new horizons in systemic lupus erythematosus |
| topic | systemic lupus erythematosus treatment hydroxychloroquine corticosteroids biologic agents belimumab |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/7/1496 |
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