Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gestational age at birth
Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous chemicals with mechanisms of toxicity that include endocrine disruption. We examined associations of prenatal urinary PAH with spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) and gestational age (GA) at birth. We also assessed whether infant sex mod...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022001726 |
| _version_ | 1818208357775835136 |
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| author | Sophia L. Freije Daniel A. Enquobahrie Drew B. Day Christine Loftus Adam A. Szpiro Catherine J. Karr Leonardo Trasande Linda G. Kahn Emily Barrett Kurunthachalam Kannan Nicole R. Bush Kaja Z. LeWinn Shanna Swan W. Alex Mason Morgan Robinson Sheela Sathyanarayana |
| author_facet | Sophia L. Freije Daniel A. Enquobahrie Drew B. Day Christine Loftus Adam A. Szpiro Catherine J. Karr Leonardo Trasande Linda G. Kahn Emily Barrett Kurunthachalam Kannan Nicole R. Bush Kaja Z. LeWinn Shanna Swan W. Alex Mason Morgan Robinson Sheela Sathyanarayana |
| author_sort | Sophia L. Freije |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous chemicals with mechanisms of toxicity that include endocrine disruption. We examined associations of prenatal urinary PAH with spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) and gestational age (GA) at birth. We also assessed whether infant sex modifies the association of PAH exposure with spontaneous PTB and GA at birth. Methods: Participants included 1,677 non-smoking women from three cohorts (CANDLE, TIDES, and GAPPS) in the ECHO PATHWAYS Consortium. Twelve monohydroxylated-PAHs were measured in second trimester maternal urine. Seven metabolites with >60% overall detection were included in analyses: 1-hydroxynaphthalene [1-OH-NAP], 2-hydroxynaphthalene [2-OH-NAP], 2-hydroxyphenanthrene [2-OH-PHEN], 3-hydroxyphenanthrene [3-OH-PHEN], 1/9-hydroxyphenanthrene [1/9-OH-PHEN], 2/3/9-hydroxyfluorene [2/3/9-OH-FLUO], and 1-hydroxypyrene [1-OH-PYR]. Logistic and linear regression models were fit for spontaneous PTB and GA among births ≥34 weeks, respectively, with log10-transformed OH-PAH concentrations as the exposure, adjusted for specific gravity and suspected confounders. Effect modification by infant sex was assessed using interaction terms and marginal estimates. Results: Percent detection was highest for 2-OH-NAP (99.8%) and lowest for 1-OH-PYR (65.2%). Prevalence of spontaneous PTB was 5.5% (N = 92). Ten-fold higher 2-OH-NAP exposure was associated with 1.60-day (95% CI: −2.92, −0.28) earlier GA at birth. Remaining associations in the pooled population were null. Among females, we observed significant inverse associations between 1-OH-PYR and PTB (OR: 2.65 [95% CI: 1.39, 5.05]); and 2-OH-NAP with GA: −2.46 days [95% CI: −4.15, −0.77]). Among males, we observed an inverse association between 2/3/9-OH-FLUO and PTB (OR = 0.40 [95% CI: 0.17,0.98]). ORs for PTB were higher among females than males for 2-OH-PHEN (p = 0.02) and 1-OH-PYR (p = 0.02). Discussion: We observed inverse associations of 2-OH-NAP exposure with GA and null associations of remaining OH-PAHs with GA and PTB. Females may be more susceptible to spontaneous PTB or shorter GA following prenatal exposure to some OH-PAHs. This study is the first to assess sex-specific OH-PAH toxicity in relation to spontaneous PTB and GA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T04:43:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dd199315ae06410581f0a800e9a4b7e5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T04:43:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj.art-dd199315ae06410581f0a800e9a4b7e52022-12-22T00:37:43ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202022-06-01164107246Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gestational age at birthSophia L. Freije0Daniel A. Enquobahrie1Drew B. Day2Christine Loftus3Adam A. Szpiro4Catherine J. Karr5Leonardo Trasande6Linda G. Kahn7Emily Barrett8Kurunthachalam Kannan9Nicole R. Bush10Kaja Z. LeWinn11Shanna Swan12W. Alex Mason13Morgan Robinson14Sheela Sathyanarayana15Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Corresponding author.Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USACenter for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, USADepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, USADepartment of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USADepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USADepartments of Pediatrics and Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine and New York University School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USADepartments of Pediatrics and Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USADepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USADepartment of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USADepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USADepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USADepartment of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USADepartment of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USADepartment of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USACenter for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USABackground: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous chemicals with mechanisms of toxicity that include endocrine disruption. We examined associations of prenatal urinary PAH with spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) and gestational age (GA) at birth. We also assessed whether infant sex modifies the association of PAH exposure with spontaneous PTB and GA at birth. Methods: Participants included 1,677 non-smoking women from three cohorts (CANDLE, TIDES, and GAPPS) in the ECHO PATHWAYS Consortium. Twelve monohydroxylated-PAHs were measured in second trimester maternal urine. Seven metabolites with >60% overall detection were included in analyses: 1-hydroxynaphthalene [1-OH-NAP], 2-hydroxynaphthalene [2-OH-NAP], 2-hydroxyphenanthrene [2-OH-PHEN], 3-hydroxyphenanthrene [3-OH-PHEN], 1/9-hydroxyphenanthrene [1/9-OH-PHEN], 2/3/9-hydroxyfluorene [2/3/9-OH-FLUO], and 1-hydroxypyrene [1-OH-PYR]. Logistic and linear regression models were fit for spontaneous PTB and GA among births ≥34 weeks, respectively, with log10-transformed OH-PAH concentrations as the exposure, adjusted for specific gravity and suspected confounders. Effect modification by infant sex was assessed using interaction terms and marginal estimates. Results: Percent detection was highest for 2-OH-NAP (99.8%) and lowest for 1-OH-PYR (65.2%). Prevalence of spontaneous PTB was 5.5% (N = 92). Ten-fold higher 2-OH-NAP exposure was associated with 1.60-day (95% CI: −2.92, −0.28) earlier GA at birth. Remaining associations in the pooled population were null. Among females, we observed significant inverse associations between 1-OH-PYR and PTB (OR: 2.65 [95% CI: 1.39, 5.05]); and 2-OH-NAP with GA: −2.46 days [95% CI: −4.15, −0.77]). Among males, we observed an inverse association between 2/3/9-OH-FLUO and PTB (OR = 0.40 [95% CI: 0.17,0.98]). ORs for PTB were higher among females than males for 2-OH-PHEN (p = 0.02) and 1-OH-PYR (p = 0.02). Discussion: We observed inverse associations of 2-OH-NAP exposure with GA and null associations of remaining OH-PAHs with GA and PTB. Females may be more susceptible to spontaneous PTB or shorter GA following prenatal exposure to some OH-PAHs. This study is the first to assess sex-specific OH-PAH toxicity in relation to spontaneous PTB and GA.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022001726Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)Maternal exposureGestational agePreterm birthSex-specific associations |
| spellingShingle | Sophia L. Freije Daniel A. Enquobahrie Drew B. Day Christine Loftus Adam A. Szpiro Catherine J. Karr Leonardo Trasande Linda G. Kahn Emily Barrett Kurunthachalam Kannan Nicole R. Bush Kaja Z. LeWinn Shanna Swan W. Alex Mason Morgan Robinson Sheela Sathyanarayana Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gestational age at birth Environment International Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) Maternal exposure Gestational age Preterm birth Sex-specific associations |
| title | Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gestational age at birth |
| title_full | Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gestational age at birth |
| title_fullStr | Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gestational age at birth |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gestational age at birth |
| title_short | Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gestational age at birth |
| title_sort | prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gestational age at birth |
| topic | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) Maternal exposure Gestational age Preterm birth Sex-specific associations |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022001726 |
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