Comparison of Clinical Features, Complete Blood Count Parameters, and Outcomes between Two Distinct Waves of COVID-19: A Monocentric Report from Italy
Background: Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the ability to predict the trajectory of the disease has represented a major challenge for clinicians. There is recent evidence that complete blood cell count (CBC)-derived inflammation indexes have predictive value in COVID-19. We aimed to...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Healthcare |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/12/2427 |
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| author | Sara Solveig Fois Elisabetta Zinellu Angelo Zinellu Michela Merella Maria Carmina Pau Ciriaco Carru Alessandro Giuseppe Fois Pietro Pirina |
| author_facet | Sara Solveig Fois Elisabetta Zinellu Angelo Zinellu Michela Merella Maria Carmina Pau Ciriaco Carru Alessandro Giuseppe Fois Pietro Pirina |
| author_sort | Sara Solveig Fois |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the ability to predict the trajectory of the disease has represented a major challenge for clinicians. There is recent evidence that complete blood cell count (CBC)-derived inflammation indexes have predictive value in COVID-19. We aimed to describe any changes in the clinical features, CBC-derived ratios, and outcomes of patients admitted to our hospital across two temporally distinct waves. Methods: We retrospectively assessed and compared the clinical characteristics and blood cell count values of patients hospitalized during the second and fourth waves of COVID-19, and explored any outcome differences in terms of the level of respiratory support required and transfer to intensive care. Results: We observed that fourth-wave patients were older, less male-predominant, and carried more comorbidities compared to the second-wave patients but, nevertheless, experienced more favorable outcomes. A strong internal correlation was documented for both waves between outcomes and CBC-derived ratios, with the fourth-wave cases displaying lower admission values of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (dNLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic inflammation index (SII). No significant differences were found for lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI). Conclusions: We observed that both admission values of CBC-derived indexes and adverse respiratory outcomes decreased from the second to the fourth wave of COVID-19. These data represent a contribution to the existing knowledge on the role of CBC-derived indexes as a potential tool to help clinicians to quickly differentiate in-hospital patients at increased risk of serious illness and death. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:24:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dd45076b8cff453f925d31f3f698c6a8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9032 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:24:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-dd45076b8cff453f925d31f3f698c6a82023-11-24T15:09:47ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322022-11-011012242710.3390/healthcare10122427Comparison of Clinical Features, Complete Blood Count Parameters, and Outcomes between Two Distinct Waves of COVID-19: A Monocentric Report from ItalySara Solveig Fois0Elisabetta Zinellu1Angelo Zinellu2Michela Merella3Maria Carmina Pau4Ciriaco Carru5Alessandro Giuseppe Fois6Pietro Pirina7Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, ItalyClinical and Interventional Pulmonology, University Hospital of Sassari (AOU), 07100 Sassari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, ItalyBackground: Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the ability to predict the trajectory of the disease has represented a major challenge for clinicians. There is recent evidence that complete blood cell count (CBC)-derived inflammation indexes have predictive value in COVID-19. We aimed to describe any changes in the clinical features, CBC-derived ratios, and outcomes of patients admitted to our hospital across two temporally distinct waves. Methods: We retrospectively assessed and compared the clinical characteristics and blood cell count values of patients hospitalized during the second and fourth waves of COVID-19, and explored any outcome differences in terms of the level of respiratory support required and transfer to intensive care. Results: We observed that fourth-wave patients were older, less male-predominant, and carried more comorbidities compared to the second-wave patients but, nevertheless, experienced more favorable outcomes. A strong internal correlation was documented for both waves between outcomes and CBC-derived ratios, with the fourth-wave cases displaying lower admission values of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (dNLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic inflammation index (SII). No significant differences were found for lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI). Conclusions: We observed that both admission values of CBC-derived indexes and adverse respiratory outcomes decreased from the second to the fourth wave of COVID-19. These data represent a contribution to the existing knowledge on the role of CBC-derived indexes as a potential tool to help clinicians to quickly differentiate in-hospital patients at increased risk of serious illness and death.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/12/2427COVID-19pandemic wavesCBCinflammationbiomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Sara Solveig Fois Elisabetta Zinellu Angelo Zinellu Michela Merella Maria Carmina Pau Ciriaco Carru Alessandro Giuseppe Fois Pietro Pirina Comparison of Clinical Features, Complete Blood Count Parameters, and Outcomes between Two Distinct Waves of COVID-19: A Monocentric Report from Italy Healthcare COVID-19 pandemic waves CBC inflammation biomarkers |
| title | Comparison of Clinical Features, Complete Blood Count Parameters, and Outcomes between Two Distinct Waves of COVID-19: A Monocentric Report from Italy |
| title_full | Comparison of Clinical Features, Complete Blood Count Parameters, and Outcomes between Two Distinct Waves of COVID-19: A Monocentric Report from Italy |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of Clinical Features, Complete Blood Count Parameters, and Outcomes between Two Distinct Waves of COVID-19: A Monocentric Report from Italy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Clinical Features, Complete Blood Count Parameters, and Outcomes between Two Distinct Waves of COVID-19: A Monocentric Report from Italy |
| title_short | Comparison of Clinical Features, Complete Blood Count Parameters, and Outcomes between Two Distinct Waves of COVID-19: A Monocentric Report from Italy |
| title_sort | comparison of clinical features complete blood count parameters and outcomes between two distinct waves of covid 19 a monocentric report from italy |
| topic | COVID-19 pandemic waves CBC inflammation biomarkers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/12/2427 |
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