The bronchiolitis epidemic in 2021–2022 during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: experience of a third level centre in Northern Italy
Abstract Background The aim of this study is to compare the 2021–2022 bronchiolitis season to the four previous years (2017–2018, 2018–2019, 2019–2020, 2020–2021) to see if there was an anticipation of the peak, an overall increase of cases, and an increased need of intensive care. Methods A retrosp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Italian Journal of Pediatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01425-8 |
| _version_ | 1797864047535718400 |
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| author | Martha Caterina Faraguna Irene Lepri Antonio Clavenna Maurizio Bonati Chiara Vimercati Debora Sala Alessandro Cattoni Maria Luisa Melzi Andrea Biondi |
| author_facet | Martha Caterina Faraguna Irene Lepri Antonio Clavenna Maurizio Bonati Chiara Vimercati Debora Sala Alessandro Cattoni Maria Luisa Melzi Andrea Biondi |
| author_sort | Martha Caterina Faraguna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The aim of this study is to compare the 2021–2022 bronchiolitis season to the four previous years (2017–2018, 2018–2019, 2019–2020, 2020–2021) to see if there was an anticipation of the peak, an overall increase of cases, and an increased need of intensive care. Methods A retrospective single-centre study in the San Gerardo Hospital Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy was performed. Emergency Departments (ED) visits of patients aged < 18 years and ≤ 12 months were analyzed: the incidence of bronchiolitis on total assessments, the urgency level at triage and the hospitalization rate were compared. Data of children admitted to the Pediatric Department due to bronchiolitis were analyzed in terms of need of intensive care, respiratory support (type and duration), length of hospital stay, main etiological agent, patient characteristics. Results During 2020–2021 (first pandemic period) an important reduction in the ED attendance for bronchiolitis was observed, while in 2021–2022 there was an increase in incidence of bronchiolitis (13% of visits in infants < 1 year) and in the rate of urgent accesses (p = 0.0002), but hospitalization rates did not differ compared to previous years. Furthermore, an anticipated peak in November 2021 was observed. In the 2021–2022 cohort of admitted children to the Pediatric Department, a statistically significative increased need of intensive care unit was detected (Odds Ratio 3.1, 95% CI 1.4–6.8 after adjustment for severity and clinical characteristics). Instead, respiratory support (type and duration) and length of hospital stay did not differ. RSV was the main etiological agent and RSV-bronchiolitis determined a more severe infection (type and duration of breathing support, intensive care need and length of hospital stay). Conclusions During Sars-CoV-2 lockdowns (2020–2021), there was a dramatic decrease of bronchiolitis and others respiratory infections. In the following season, 2021–2022, an overall increase of cases with an anticipated peak was observed and data analysis confirmed that patients in 2021–2022 required more intensive care than children in the four previous seasons. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:45:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-dd50bc7976ff4476ade7515ee8da63e1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1824-7288 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:45:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Italian Journal of Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-dd50bc7976ff4476ade7515ee8da63e12023-03-22T11:54:49ZengBMCItalian Journal of Pediatrics1824-72882023-02-014911710.1186/s13052-023-01425-8The bronchiolitis epidemic in 2021–2022 during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: experience of a third level centre in Northern ItalyMartha Caterina Faraguna0Irene Lepri1Antonio Clavenna2Maurizio Bonati3Chiara Vimercati4Debora Sala5Alessandro Cattoni6Maria Luisa Melzi7Andrea Biondi8Residency in Pediatrics, University of Milano BicoccaResidency in Pediatrics, University of Milano BicoccaLaboratory for Mother and Child Health, Department of Public Health, Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSLaboratory for Mother and Child Health, Department of Public Health, Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSDepartment of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei TintoriDepartment of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei TintoriDepartment of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei TintoriDepartment of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei TintoriDepartment of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei TintoriAbstract Background The aim of this study is to compare the 2021–2022 bronchiolitis season to the four previous years (2017–2018, 2018–2019, 2019–2020, 2020–2021) to see if there was an anticipation of the peak, an overall increase of cases, and an increased need of intensive care. Methods A retrospective single-centre study in the San Gerardo Hospital Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy was performed. Emergency Departments (ED) visits of patients aged < 18 years and ≤ 12 months were analyzed: the incidence of bronchiolitis on total assessments, the urgency level at triage and the hospitalization rate were compared. Data of children admitted to the Pediatric Department due to bronchiolitis were analyzed in terms of need of intensive care, respiratory support (type and duration), length of hospital stay, main etiological agent, patient characteristics. Results During 2020–2021 (first pandemic period) an important reduction in the ED attendance for bronchiolitis was observed, while in 2021–2022 there was an increase in incidence of bronchiolitis (13% of visits in infants < 1 year) and in the rate of urgent accesses (p = 0.0002), but hospitalization rates did not differ compared to previous years. Furthermore, an anticipated peak in November 2021 was observed. In the 2021–2022 cohort of admitted children to the Pediatric Department, a statistically significative increased need of intensive care unit was detected (Odds Ratio 3.1, 95% CI 1.4–6.8 after adjustment for severity and clinical characteristics). Instead, respiratory support (type and duration) and length of hospital stay did not differ. RSV was the main etiological agent and RSV-bronchiolitis determined a more severe infection (type and duration of breathing support, intensive care need and length of hospital stay). Conclusions During Sars-CoV-2 lockdowns (2020–2021), there was a dramatic decrease of bronchiolitis and others respiratory infections. In the following season, 2021–2022, an overall increase of cases with an anticipated peak was observed and data analysis confirmed that patients in 2021–2022 required more intensive care than children in the four previous seasons.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01425-8BronchiolitisEpidemicRespiratory syncytial virusSars-CoV-2 |
| spellingShingle | Martha Caterina Faraguna Irene Lepri Antonio Clavenna Maurizio Bonati Chiara Vimercati Debora Sala Alessandro Cattoni Maria Luisa Melzi Andrea Biondi The bronchiolitis epidemic in 2021–2022 during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: experience of a third level centre in Northern Italy Italian Journal of Pediatrics Bronchiolitis Epidemic Respiratory syncytial virus Sars-CoV-2 |
| title | The bronchiolitis epidemic in 2021–2022 during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: experience of a third level centre in Northern Italy |
| title_full | The bronchiolitis epidemic in 2021–2022 during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: experience of a third level centre in Northern Italy |
| title_fullStr | The bronchiolitis epidemic in 2021–2022 during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: experience of a third level centre in Northern Italy |
| title_full_unstemmed | The bronchiolitis epidemic in 2021–2022 during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: experience of a third level centre in Northern Italy |
| title_short | The bronchiolitis epidemic in 2021–2022 during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: experience of a third level centre in Northern Italy |
| title_sort | bronchiolitis epidemic in 2021 2022 during the sars cov 2 pandemic experience of a third level centre in northern italy |
| topic | Bronchiolitis Epidemic Respiratory syncytial virus Sars-CoV-2 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01425-8 |
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